Title |
Mycobacterium leprae genomes from a British medieval leprosy hospital: towards understanding an ancient epidemic
|
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Published in |
BMC Genomics, April 2014
|
DOI | 10.1186/1471-2164-15-270 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Tom A Mendum, Verena J Schuenemann, Simon Roffey, G Michael Taylor, Huihai Wu, Pushpendra Singh, Katie Tucker, Jason Hinds, Stewart T Cole, Andrzej M Kierzek, Kay Nieselt, Johannes Krause, Graham R Stewart |
Abstract |
Leprosy has afflicted humankind throughout history leaving evidence in both early texts and the archaeological record. In Britain, leprosy was widespread throughout the Middle Ages until its gradual and unexplained decline between the 14th and 16th centuries. The nature of this ancient endemic leprosy and its relationship to modern strains is only partly understood. Modern leprosy strains are currently divided into 5 phylogenetic groups, types 0 to 4, each with strong geographical links. Until recently, European strains, both ancient and modern, were thought to be exclusively type 3 strains. However, evidence for type 2 strains, a group normally associated with Central Asia and the Middle East, has recently been found in archaeological samples in Scandinavia and from two skeletons from the medieval leprosy hospital (or leprosarium) of St Mary Magdalen, near Winchester, England. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 3 | 21% |
United Kingdom | 2 | 14% |
Japan | 1 | 7% |
Switzerland | 1 | 7% |
Germany | 1 | 7% |
Unknown | 6 | 43% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 6 | 43% |
Members of the public | 6 | 43% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 14% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Germany | 2 | 2% |
Unknown | 129 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 24 | 18% |
Researcher | 20 | 15% |
Student > Master | 18 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 18 | 14% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 6 | 5% |
Other | 19 | 15% |
Unknown | 26 | 20% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 31 | 24% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 29 | 22% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 11 | 8% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 6 | 5% |
Arts and Humanities | 6 | 5% |
Other | 21 | 16% |
Unknown | 27 | 21% |