| Title |
The Pen Is Mightier Than the Keyboard
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Psychological Science, April 2014
|
| DOI | 10.1177/0956797614524581 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Pam A. Mueller, Daniel M. Oppenheimer |
| Abstract |
Taking notes on laptops rather than in longhand is increasingly common. Many researchers have suggested that laptop note taking is less effective than longhand note taking for learning. Prior studies have primarily focused on students' capacity for multitasking and distraction when using laptops. The present research suggests that even when laptops are used solely to take notes, they may still be impairing learning because their use results in shallower processing. In three studies, we found that students who took notes on laptops performed worse on conceptual questions than students who took notes longhand. We show that whereas taking more notes can be beneficial, laptop note takers' tendency to transcribe lectures verbatim rather than processing information and reframing it in their own words is detrimental to learning. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 4,273 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 532 | 12% |
| Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 344 | 8% |
| Spain | 279 | 7% |
| United Kingdom | 203 | 5% |
| Canada | 120 | 3% |
| Colombia | 104 | 2% |
| Australia | 48 | 1% |
| Mexico | 47 | 1% |
| Sweden | 39 | <1% |
| Other | 553 | 13% |
| Unknown | 2004 | 47% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 3630 | 85% |
| Scientists | 480 | 11% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 94 | 2% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 67 | 2% |
| Unknown | 2 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 2,345 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 62 | 3% |
| United Kingdom | 24 | 1% |
| Canada | 9 | <1% |
| Germany | 8 | <1% |
| Brazil | 7 | <1% |
| Australia | 6 | <1% |
| Spain | 4 | <1% |
| Japan | 4 | <1% |
| France | 4 | <1% |
| Other | 40 | 2% |
| Unknown | 2177 | 93% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 356 | 15% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 348 | 15% |
| Student > Master | 271 | 12% |
| Researcher | 236 | 10% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 153 | 7% |
| Other | 622 | 27% |
| Unknown | 359 | 15% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 565 | 24% |
| Social Sciences | 348 | 15% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 133 | 6% |
| Computer Science | 132 | 6% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 91 | 4% |
| Other | 642 | 27% |
| Unknown | 434 | 19% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4633. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 13 April 2024.
All research outputs
#937
of 25,722,279 outputs
Outputs from Psychological Science
#2
of 4,325 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#3
of 242,548 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Psychological Science
#1
of 54 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,722,279 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,325 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 86.4. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 242,548 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 54 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its contemporaries.