Title |
Occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in a public water-treatment system, Paraná, Southern Brazil
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Published in |
Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, August 2015
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DOI | 10.1590/s1984-29612015051 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Jonatas Campos Almeida, Felippe Danyel Cardoso Martins, José Maurício Ferreira, Maíra Moreira dos Santos, João Luis Garcia, Italmar Teodorico Navarro, Emília Kiyomi Kuroda, Roberta Lemos Freire |
Abstract |
The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in a public water-treatment system. Samples of raw and treated water were collected and concentrated using the membrane filtration technique. Direct Immunofluorescence Test was performed on the samples. DNA extraction using a commercial kit was performed and the DNA extracted was submitted to a nested-PCR reaction (n-PCR) and sequencing. In the immunofluorescence, 2/24 (8.33%) samples of raw water were positive for Giardia spp.. In n-PCR and sequencing, 2/24 (8.33%) samples of raw water were positive for Giardia spp., and 2/24 (8.33%) samples were positive for Cryptosporidium spp.. The sequencing showed Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis DNA. In raw water, there was moderate correlation among turbidity, color and Cryptosporidium spp. and between turbidity and Giardia spp.. The presence of these protozoans in the water indicates the need for monitoring for water-treatment companies. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Colombia | 1 | 2% |
Brazil | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 64 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 14 | 21% |
Student > Bachelor | 14 | 21% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 11% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 6% |
Professor | 3 | 5% |
Other | 9 | 14% |
Unknown | 15 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 9 | 14% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 12% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 12% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 6 | 9% |
Environmental Science | 5 | 8% |
Other | 13 | 20% |
Unknown | 17 | 26% |