Title |
HMGB1/Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) does not aggravate inflammation but promote endogenous neural stem cells differentiation in spinal cord injury
|
---|---|
Published in |
Scientific Reports, September 2017
|
DOI | 10.1038/s41598-017-10611-8 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Hongyu Wang, Xifan Mei, Yang Cao, Chang Liu, Ziming Zhao, Zhanpeng Guo, Yunlong Bi, Zhaoliang Shen, Yajiang Yuan, Yue Guo, Cangwei Song, Liangjie Bai, Yansong Wang, Deshui Yu |
Abstract |
Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) signaling is involved in a series of cell functions after spinal cord injury (SCI). Our study aimed to elucidate the effects of RAGE signaling on the neuronal recovery after SCI. In vivo, rats were subjected to SCI with or without anti-RAGE antibodies micro-injected into the lesion epicenter. We detected Nestin/RAGE, SOX-2/RAGE and Nestin/MAP-2 after SCI by Western blot or immunofluorescence (IF). We found that neural stem cells (NSCs) co-expressed with RAGE were significantly activated after SCI, while stem cell markers Nestin and SOX-2 were reduced by RAGE blockade. We found that RAGE inhibition reduced nestin-positive NSCs expressing MAP-2, a mature neuron marker. RAGE blockade does not improve neurobehavior Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scores; however, it damaged survival of ventral neurons via Nissl staining. Through in vitro study, we found that recombinant HMGB1 administration does not lead to increased cytokines of TNF-α and IL-1β, while anti-RAGE treatment reduced cytokines of TNF-α and IL-1β induced by LPS via ELISA. Meanwhile, HMGB1 increased MAP-2 expression, which was blocked after anti-RAGE treatment. Hence, HMGB1/RAGE does not exacerbate neuronal inflammation but plays a role in promoting NSCs differentiating into mature neurons in the pathological process of SCI. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Japan | 1 | 33% |
Unknown | 2 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 67% |
Members of the public | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 23 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 17% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 13% |
Lecturer | 1 | 4% |
Student > Bachelor | 1 | 4% |
Other | 1 | 4% |
Other | 4 | 17% |
Unknown | 9 | 39% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 13% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 13% |
Neuroscience | 3 | 13% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 1 | 4% |
Arts and Humanities | 1 | 4% |
Other | 2 | 9% |
Unknown | 10 | 43% |