Chapter title |
Detection of Cyclic Dinucleotides by STING
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 6 |
Book title |
c-di-GMP Signaling
|
Published in |
Methods in molecular biology, January 2017
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-1-4939-7240-1_6 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-1-4939-7239-5, 978-1-4939-7240-1
|
Authors |
Xiao-Xia Du, Xiao-Dong Su |
Abstract |
STING (stimulator of interferon genes) is an essential signaling adaptor protein mediating cytosolic DNA-induced innate immunity for both microbial invasion and self-DNA leakage. STING is also a direct receptor for cytosolic cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), including the microbial secondary messengers c-di-GMP (3',3'-cyclic di-GMP), 3',3'cGAMP (3',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP), and mammalian endogenous 2',3'cGAMP (2',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP) synthesized by cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase). Upon CDN binding, STING undergoes a conformational change to enable signal transduction by phosphorylation and finally to active IRF3 (Interferon regulatory factor 3) for type I interferon production. Here, we describe some experimental procedures such as Isothermal Titration Calorimetry and luciferase reporter assays to study the CDNs binding and activity by STING proteins. |
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