Title |
Urban landscapes can change virus gene flow and evolution in a fragmentation‐sensitive carnivore
|
---|---|
Published in |
Molecular Ecology, November 2017
|
DOI | 10.1111/mec.14375 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Nicholas M. Fountain‐Jones, Meggan E. Craft, W. Chris Funk, Chris Kozakiewicz, Daryl R. Trumbo, Erin E. Boydston, Lisa M. Lyren, Kevin Crooks, Justin S. Lee, Sue VandeWoude, Scott Carver |
Abstract |
Urban expansion has widespread impacts on wildlife species globally, including the transmission and emergence of infectious diseases. However, there is almost no information about how urban landscapes shape transmission dynamics in wildlife. Using an innovative phylodynamic approach combining host and pathogen molecular data with landscape characteristics and host traits, we untangle the complex factors that drive transmission networks of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) in bobcats (Lynx rufus). We found that the urban landscape played a significant role in shaping FIV transmission. Even though bobcats were often trapped within the urban matrix, FIV transmission events were more likely to occur in areas with more natural habitat elements. Urban fragmentation also resulted in lower rates of pathogen evolution, possibly owing to a narrower range of host genotypes in the fragmented area. Combined, our findings show that urban landscapes can have impacts on a pathogen and its evolution in a carnivore living in one of the most fragmented and urban systems in North America. The analytical approach used here can be broadly applied to other host-pathogen systems, including humans. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 7 | 35% |
Portugal | 1 | 5% |
Ireland | 1 | 5% |
Australia | 1 | 5% |
New Zealand | 1 | 5% |
France | 1 | 5% |
Unknown | 8 | 40% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 13 | 65% |
Scientists | 6 | 30% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 5% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 98 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 26 | 27% |
Researcher | 19 | 19% |
Student > Bachelor | 10 | 10% |
Student > Master | 9 | 9% |
Student > Postgraduate | 5 | 5% |
Other | 11 | 11% |
Unknown | 18 | 18% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 41 | 42% |
Environmental Science | 11 | 11% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 9 | 9% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 7 | 7% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 4% |
Other | 7 | 7% |
Unknown | 19 | 19% |