Chapter title |
Immunological Disorders: Regulation of Ca2+ Signaling in T Lymphocytes
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 21 |
Book title |
Store-Operated Ca²⁺ Entry (SOCE) Pathways
|
Published in |
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, January 2017
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-57732-6_21 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-957731-9, 978-3-31-957732-6
|
Authors |
Sonal Srikanth, Jin Seok Woo, Zuoming Sun, Yousang Gwack |
Abstract |
Engagement of T cell receptors (TCRs) with cognate antigens triggers cascades of signaling pathways in helper T cells. TCR signaling is essential for the effector function of helper T cells including proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production. It also modulates effector T cell fate by inducing cell death, anergy (nonresponsiveness), exhaustion, and generation of regulatory T cells. One of the main axes of TCR signaling is the Ca(2+)-calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling pathway. Stimulation of TCRs triggers depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) store and, in turn, activates store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) to raise the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. SOCE in T cells is mediated by the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels, which have been very well characterized in terms of their electrophysiological properties. Identification of STIM1 as a sensor to detect depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) store and Orai1 as the pore subunit of CRAC channels has dramatically advanced our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of Ca(2+) signaling in T cells. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of Ca(2+) signaling in T cells with specific focus on the mechanism of CRAC channel activation and regulation via protein interactions. In addition, we will discuss the role of CRAC channels in effector T cells, based on the analyses of genetically modified animal models. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 20 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 5 | 25% |
Student > Master | 3 | 15% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 10% |
Professor | 2 | 10% |
Student > Bachelor | 1 | 5% |
Other | 2 | 10% |
Unknown | 5 | 25% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 25% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 25% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 10% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 10% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 5% |
Other | 1 | 5% |
Unknown | 4 | 20% |