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Role of microRNAs 221/222 on Statin Induced Nitric Oxide Release in Human Endothelial Cells

Overview of attention for article published in Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, December 2014
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Title
Role of microRNAs 221/222 on Statin Induced Nitric Oxide Release in Human Endothelial Cells
Published in
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, December 2014
DOI 10.5935/abc.20140192
Pubmed ID
Authors

Alvaro Cerda, Cristina Moreno Fajardo, Rodrigo Gouveia Basso, Mario Hiroyuki Hirata, Rosario Dominguez Crespo Hirata

Abstract

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) has been largely associated with cardiovascular protection through improvement of endothelial function. Recently, new evidence about modulation of NO release by microRNAs (miRs) has been reported, which could be involved with statin-dependent pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory properties related to vascular endothelium function. Objective: To evaluate the effects of cholesterol-lowering drugs including the inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis, atorvastatin and simvastatin, and the inhibitor of cholesterol absorption ezetimibe on NO release, NOS3 mRNA expression and miRs potentially involved in NO bioavailability. Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were exposed to atorvastatin, simvastatin or ezetimibe (0 to 5.0 μM). Cells were submitted to total RNA extraction and relative quantification of NOS3 mRNA and miRs -221, -222 and -1303 by qPCR. NO release was measured in supernatants by ozone-chemiluminescence. Results: Both statins increased NO levels and NOS3 mRNA expression but no influence was observed for ezetimibe treatment. Atorvastatin, simvastatin and ezetimibe down-regulated the expression of miR-221, whereas miR-222 was reduced only after the atorvastatin treatment. The magnitude of the reduction of miR-221 and miR-222 after treatment with statins correlated with the increment in NOS3 mRNA levels. No influence was observed on the miR-1303 expression after treatments. Conclusion: NO release in endothelial cells is increased by statins but not by the inhibitor of cholesterol absorption, ezetimibe. Our results provide new evidence about the participation of regulatory miRs 221/222 on NO release induction mediated by statins. Although ezetimibe did not modulate NO levels, the down-regulation of miR-221 could involve potential effects on endothelial function.Fundamento: O óxido nítrico (NO) tem sido amplamente associado com proteção cardiovascular através de melhoria da função endotelial. Recentemente, novas evidências sobre a modulação do NO na liberação de microRNAs (miRs) têm sido relatadas, o que poderia estar envolvido com efeitos pleiotrópicos dependentes de estatinas, incluindo propriedades anti-inflamatórias relacionadas com a função do endotélio vascular. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos dos medicamentos redutores de colesterol, incluindo os inibidores da síntese de colesterol, atorvastatina e sinvastatina, e o inibidor da absorção de colesterol, ezetimiba, na liberação de NO, expressão do mRNA do NOS3 e miRs potencialmente envolvidos na biodisponibilidade do NO. Métodos: Células endoteliais da veia umbilical humana (HUVEC) foram expostas à atorvastatina, sinvastatina ou ezetimiba (0 a 5,0 μM). As células foram submetidas à extração do RNA total e quantificação relativa de mRNA do NOS3 e dos miRs-221,-222 e -1303 por qPCR. A liberação de NO foi medida em sobrenadantes por ozônio-quimioluminescência. Resultados: Ambas as estatinas aumentaram os níveis de NO e a expressão do mRNA do NOS3, mas nenhum efeito foi observado em relação ao tratamento com ezetimiba. A atorvastatina, sinvastatina e ezetimiba regularam negativamente a expressão do miR-221, enquanto que o miR-222 reduziu somente após o tratamento com atorvastatina. A magnitude da redução de miR-221 e miR-222 após tratamento com estatinas correlacionou com o incremento nos níveis de mRNA do NOS3. Nenhuma influência foi observada sobre a expressão do miR-1303 após os tratamentos. Conclusão: A liberação de NO pelas células endoteliais é aumentada por estatinas, mas não pelo inibidor da absorção de colesterol ezetimiba. Nossos resultados fornecem novas evidências sobre a participação dos miRs regulatórios 221/222 na liberação de NO mediada por estatinas. Embora a ezetimiba não tenha modulado os níveis de NO, a regulação negativa do miR-221 poderia envolver efeitos potenciais sobre a função endotelial.

X Demographics

X Demographics

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 39 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Brazil 1 3%
Unknown 38 97%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Researcher 5 13%
Student > Master 5 13%
Student > Bachelor 4 10%
Student > Doctoral Student 4 10%
Professor 3 8%
Other 10 26%
Unknown 8 21%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Medicine and Dentistry 7 18%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 7 18%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 6 15%
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science 3 8%
Environmental Science 2 5%
Other 4 10%
Unknown 10 26%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 17 April 2016.
All research outputs
#16,302,882
of 25,744,802 outputs
Outputs from Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia
#417
of 1,223 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#202,612
of 362,805 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia
#5
of 19 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,744,802 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 34th percentile – i.e., 34% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,223 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.0. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 62% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 362,805 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 41st percentile – i.e., 41% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 19 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 68% of its contemporaries.