| Title |
Proxy evidence for an El Niño-like response to volcanic forcing
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Nature, November 2003
|
| DOI | 10.1038/nature02101 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
J. Brad Adams, Michael E. Mann, Caspar M. Ammann |
| Abstract |
Past studies have suggested a statistical connection between explosive volcanic eruptions and subsequent El Niño climate events. This connection, however, has remained controversial. Here we present support for a response of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon to forcing from explosive volcanism by using two different palaeoclimate reconstructions of El Niño activity and two independent, proxy-based chronologies of explosive volcanic activity from ad 1649 to the present. We demonstrate a significant, multi-year, El Niño-like response to explosive tropical volcanic forcing over the past several centuries. The results imply roughly a doubling of the probability of an El Niño event occurring in the winter following a volcanic eruption. Our empirical findings shed light on how the tropical Pacific ocean-atmosphere system may respond to exogenous (both natural and anthropogenic) radiative forcing. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 67 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 15 | 22% |
| Australia | 7 | 10% |
| Canada | 4 | 6% |
| United Kingdom | 3 | 4% |
| Sweden | 1 | 1% |
| Brazil | 1 | 1% |
| Papua New Guinea | 1 | 1% |
| Germany | 1 | 1% |
| France | 1 | 1% |
| Other | 2 | 3% |
| Unknown | 31 | 46% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 57 | 85% |
| Scientists | 8 | 12% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 1% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 1% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 364 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 5 | 1% |
| Brazil | 4 | 1% |
| Chile | 2 | <1% |
| China | 2 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 2 | <1% |
| Italy | 1 | <1% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
| Czechia | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 6 | 2% |
| Unknown | 339 | 93% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 99 | 27% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 53 | 15% |
| Student > Master | 39 | 11% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 34 | 9% |
| Student > Bachelor | 29 | 8% |
| Other | 67 | 18% |
| Unknown | 43 | 12% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | 176 | 48% |
| Environmental Science | 59 | 16% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 41 | 11% |
| Physics and Astronomy | 12 | 3% |
| Social Sciences | 7 | 2% |
| Other | 19 | 5% |
| Unknown | 50 | 14% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 88. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 April 2024.
All research outputs
#494,197
of 25,856,138 outputs
Outputs from Nature
#22,481
of 98,933 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#394
of 57,454 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Nature
#17
of 371 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,856,138 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 98th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 98,933 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 102.8. This one has done well, scoring higher than 77% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 371 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 95% of its contemporaries.