"...urine cytology often results in the identification of high-grade malignant cells even before a cystoscopically distinguishable gross lesion is present."
TimAllenMDJD,
Cancer Treat Res. 2014;160:149-83. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-38850-7_7.Genitourinary cytopathology (kidney and urinary tract).Barkan…