| Chapter title |
Co-infection with Influenza Viruses and Influenza-Like Virus During the 2015/2016 Epidemic Season
|
|---|---|
| Chapter number | 182 |
| Book title |
Influenza and Respiratory Care
|
| Published in |
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, January 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1007/5584_2016_182 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-951711-7, 978-3-31-951712-4
|
| Authors |
K. Szymański, K. Cieślak, D. Kowalczyk, L.B. Brydak, Szymański, K., Cieślak, K., Kowalczyk, D., Brydak, L.B. |
| Abstract |
Concerning viral infection of the respiratory system, a single virus can cause a variety of clinical symptoms and the same set of symptoms can be caused by different viruses. Moreover, infection is often caused by a combination of viruses acting at the same time. The present study demonstrates, using multiplex RT-PCR and real-time qRT-PCR, that in the 2015/2016 influenza season, co-infections were confirmed in patients aged 1 month to 90 years. We found 73 co-infections involving influenza viruses, 17 involving influenza viruses and influenza-like viruses, and six involving influenza-like viruses. The first type of co-infections above mentioned was the most common, amounting to 51 cases, with type A and B viruses occurring simultaneously. There also were four cases of co-infections with influenza virus A/H1N1/pdm09 and A/H1N1/ subtypes and two cases with A/H1N1/pdm09 and A/H3N2/ subtypes. The 2015/2016 epidemic season was characterized by a higher number of confirmed co-infections compared with the previous seasons. Infections by more than one respiratory virus were most often found in children and in individuals aged over 65. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 13 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 2 | 15% |
| Researcher | 2 | 15% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 1 | 8% |
| Other | 1 | 8% |
| Lecturer | 1 | 8% |
| Other | 1 | 8% |
| Unknown | 5 | 38% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 15% |
| Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 1 | 8% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 1 | 8% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 1 | 8% |
| Neuroscience | 1 | 8% |
| Other | 1 | 8% |
| Unknown | 6 | 46% |