Title |
Coding of facial expressions of pain in the laboratory mouse
|
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Published in |
Nature Methods, May 2010
|
DOI | 10.1038/nmeth.1455 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Dale J Langford, Andrea L Bailey, Mona Lisa Chanda, Sarah E Clarke, Tanya E Drummond, Stephanie Echols, Sarah Glick, Joelle Ingrao, Tammy Klassen-Ross, Michael L LaCroix-Fralish, Lynn Matsumiya, Robert E Sorge, Susana G Sotocinal, John M Tabaka, David Wong, Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg, Michel D Ferrari, Kenneth D Craig, Jeffrey S Mogil |
Abstract |
Facial expression is widely used as a measure of pain in infants; whether nonhuman animals display such pain expressions has never been systematically assessed. We developed the mouse grimace scale (MGS), a standardized behavioral coding system with high accuracy and reliability; assays involving noxious stimuli of moderate duration are accompanied by facial expressions of pain. This measure of spontaneously emitted pain may provide insight into the subjective pain experience of mice. |
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Spain | 4 | 31% |
Japan | 1 | 8% |
United States | 1 | 8% |
Switzerland | 1 | 8% |
Unknown | 6 | 46% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 6 | 46% |
Scientists | 4 | 31% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 15% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
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Germany | 9 | <1% |
France | 5 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 5 | <1% |
Japan | 4 | <1% |
Canada | 3 | <1% |
Brazil | 3 | <1% |
Netherlands | 3 | <1% |
Spain | 3 | <1% |
Other | 15 | <1% |
Unknown | 1569 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
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Researcher | 258 | 16% |
Student > Master | 198 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 183 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 83 | 5% |
Other | 248 | 15% |
Unknown | 389 | 24% |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 145 | 9% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 115 | 7% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 96 | 6% |
Other | 238 | 15% |
Unknown | 437 | 27% |