Title |
Antarctic ice shelf disintegration triggered by sea ice loss and ocean swell
|
---|---|
Published in |
Nature, June 2018
|
DOI | 10.1038/s41586-018-0212-1 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Robert A. Massom, Theodore A. Scambos, Luke G. Bennetts, Phillip Reid, Vernon A. Squire, Sharon E. Stammerjohn |
Abstract |
Understanding the causes of recent catastrophic ice shelf disintegrations is a crucial step towards improving coupled models of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and predicting its future state and contribution to sea-level rise. An overlooked climate-related causal factor is regional sea ice loss. Here we show that for the disintegration events observed (the collapse of the Larsen A and B and Wilkins ice shelves), the increased seasonal absence of a protective sea ice buffer enabled increased flexure of vulnerable outer ice shelf margins by ocean swells that probably weakened them to the point of calving. This outer-margin calving triggered wider-scale disintegration of ice shelves compromised by multiple factors in preceding years, with key prerequisites being extensive flooding and outer-margin fracturing. Wave-induced flexure is particularly effective in outermost ice shelf regions thinned by bottom crevassing. Our analysis of satellite and ocean-wave data and modelling of combined ice shelf, sea ice and wave properties highlights the need for ice sheet models to account for sea ice and ocean waves. |
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