Title |
Extracellular vesicles: mediators and biomarkers of pathology along CNS barriers
|
---|---|
Published in |
Fluids and Barriers of the CNS, July 2018
|
DOI | 10.1186/s12987-018-0104-7 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Servio H. Ramirez, Allison M. Andrews, Debayon Paul, Joel S. Pachter |
Abstract |
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous, nano-sized vesicles that are shed into the blood and other body fluids, which disperse a variety of bioactive molecules (e.g., protein, mRNA, miRNA, DNA and lipids) to cellular targets over long and short distances. EVs are thought to be produced by nearly every cell type, however this review will focus specifically on EVs that originate from cells at the interface of CNS barriers. Highlighted topics include, EV biogenesis, the production of EVs in response to neuroinflammation, role in intercellular communication and their utility as a therapeutic platform. In this review, novel concepts regarding the use of EVs as biomarkers for BBB status and as facilitators for immune neuroinvasion are also discussed. Future directions and prospective are covered along with important unanswered questions in the field of CNS endothelial EV biology. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Finland | 1 | 13% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 13% |
United States | 1 | 13% |
Unknown | 5 | 63% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 5 | 63% |
Scientists | 3 | 38% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 178 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 27 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 25 | 14% |
Student > Master | 22 | 12% |
Researcher | 20 | 11% |
Other | 13 | 7% |
Other | 28 | 16% |
Unknown | 43 | 24% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 35 | 20% |
Neuroscience | 25 | 14% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 21 | 12% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 13 | 7% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 7 | 4% |
Other | 22 | 12% |
Unknown | 55 | 31% |