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Probability of Detecting Perchlorate under Natural Conditions in Deep Groundwater in California and the Southwestern United States

Overview of attention for article published in Environmental Science & Technology, January 2011
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Title
Probability of Detecting Perchlorate under Natural Conditions in Deep Groundwater in California and the Southwestern United States
Published in
Environmental Science & Technology, January 2011
DOI 10.1021/es103103p
Pubmed ID
Authors

Miranda S. Fram, Kenneth Belitz

Abstract

We use data from 1626 groundwater samples collected in California, primarily from public drinking water supply wells, to investigate the distribution of perchlorate in deep groundwater under natural conditions. The wells were sampled for the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment Priority Basin Project. We develop a logistic regression model for predicting probabilities of detecting perchlorate at concentrations greater than multiple threshold concentrations as a function of climate (represented by an aridity index) and potential anthropogenic contributions of perchlorate (quantified as an anthropogenic score, AS). AS is a composite categorical variable including terms for nitrate, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds. Incorporating water-quality parameters in AS permits identification of perturbation of natural occurrence patterns by flushing of natural perchlorate salts from unsaturated zones by irrigation recharge as well as addition of perchlorate from industrial and agricultural sources. The data and model results indicate low concentrations (0.1-0.5 μg/L) of perchlorate occur under natural conditions in groundwater across a wide range of climates, beyond the arid to semiarid climates in which they mostly have been previously reported. The probability of detecting perchlorate at concentrations greater than 0.1 μg/L under natural conditions ranges from 50-70% in semiarid to arid regions of California and the Southwestern United States to 5-15% in the wettest regions sampled (the Northern California coast). The probability of concentrations above 1 μg/L under natural conditions is low (generally <3%).

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 49 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Iran, Islamic Republic of 1 2%
United Kingdom 1 2%
Spain 1 2%
United States 1 2%
Unknown 45 92%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 7 14%
Researcher 5 10%
Student > Bachelor 4 8%
Other 3 6%
Lecturer 1 2%
Other 2 4%
Unknown 27 55%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Earth and Planetary Sciences 7 14%
Environmental Science 6 12%
Engineering 3 6%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 1 2%
Economics, Econometrics and Finance 1 2%
Other 3 6%
Unknown 28 57%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 08 November 2011.
All research outputs
#17,286,645
of 25,377,790 outputs
Outputs from Environmental Science & Technology
#16,830
of 20,675 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#154,027
of 193,511 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Environmental Science & Technology
#112
of 121 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,377,790 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 21st percentile – i.e., 21% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 20,675 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 17.8. This one is in the 12th percentile – i.e., 12% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 193,511 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 11th percentile – i.e., 11% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 121 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.