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Introduction and evolution of dengue virus type 2 in Pakistan: a phylogeographic analysis

Overview of attention for article published in Virology Journal, September 2015
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Title
Introduction and evolution of dengue virus type 2 in Pakistan: a phylogeographic analysis
Published in
Virology Journal, September 2015
DOI 10.1186/s12985-015-0371-8
Pubmed ID
Authors

Madiha Akram, Zareen Fatima, Mike A. Purdy, Amanda Sue, Sana Saleem, Irum Amin, Muhammad Shahid, Muhammad Idrees, Rabia Nawaz

Abstract

Pattern of Dengue periodic epidemics through the years along with sporadic cases of Dengue hemorrhagic fever followed by a severe 2011 epidemic of Dengue fever in Pakistan make Pakistan a Dengue endemic country. To study the entry and evolution of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) in Pakistan, we sequenced three full length genomes and 24 complete envelope sequences of DENV-2 from the years 2010, 2011 and 2013 collected from Punjab province of Pakistan. Phylogenetic and Bayesian phylogeographic analyses was applied to three full genome sequences as well as 24 envelope sequences to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of DENV-2 in Pakistan. Most of the DENV-2 viruses from the years 2008 to 2013 formed a monophyletic Pakistani clade in IVb sublineage of cosmopolitan genotype except one 2008 DENV-2 strain. Phylogeographic analysis revealed that this 2008 DENV-2 strain was rooted to India 25.4 years ago with a location probability of 0.88. However Pakistani clade rooted back to Sri Lanka 12.6 years ago with a location probability of 0.57. DENV-2 genotype IV was introduced in Pakistan in two time events. First event was introduction from India to Pakistan in the late 1980s (around 1986), and second event was introduction from Sri Lanka to Pakistan around 2000. The later introduction event was responsible for major outbreaks in the Punjab region of Pakistan, including major 2011 outbreak. After the second Introduction event, DENV-2 circulated locally in the region forming a distinct Sublineage within the IVb cosmopolitan genotype of DENV-2.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 53 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
United Kingdom 1 2%
Mexico 1 2%
India 1 2%
United States 1 2%
Unknown 49 92%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Researcher 15 28%
Student > Master 9 17%
Student > Bachelor 5 9%
Student > Ph. D. Student 4 8%
Professor > Associate Professor 3 6%
Other 5 9%
Unknown 12 23%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 11 21%
Medicine and Dentistry 11 21%
Immunology and Microbiology 6 11%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 5 9%
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine 2 4%
Other 3 6%
Unknown 15 28%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 01 October 2015.
All research outputs
#15,347,611
of 22,829,083 outputs
Outputs from Virology Journal
#1,960
of 3,043 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#160,623
of 274,417 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Virology Journal
#41
of 60 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,829,083 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 22nd percentile – i.e., 22% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 3,043 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 25.8. This one is in the 26th percentile – i.e., 26% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 274,417 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 32nd percentile – i.e., 32% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 60 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 20th percentile – i.e., 20% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.