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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Unskilled and Unaware of It: How Difficulties in Recognizing One's Own Incompetence Lead to Inflated Self-Assessments
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, January 1999
|
| DOI | 10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.1121 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Justin Kruger, David Dunning |
| Abstract |
People tend to hold overly favorable views of their abilities in many social and intellectual domains. The authors suggest that this overestimation occurs, in part, because people who are unskilled in these domains suffer a dual burden: Not only do these people reach erroneous conclusions and make unfortunate choices, but their incompetence robs them of the metacognitive ability to realize it. Across 4 studies, the authors found that participants scoring in the bottom quartile on tests of humor, grammar, and logic grossly overestimated their test performance and ability. Although their test scores put them in the 12th percentile, they estimated themselves to be in the 62nd. Several analyses linked this miscalibration to deficits in metacognitive skill, or the capacity to distinguish accuracy from error. Paradoxically, improving the skills of participants, and thus increasing their metacognitive competence, helped them recognize the limitations of their abilities. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 1,413 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Japan | 204 | 14% |
| United States | 204 | 14% |
| United Kingdom | 52 | 4% |
| Canada | 42 | 3% |
| France | 15 | 1% |
| Australia | 13 | <1% |
| Spain | 11 | <1% |
| Germany | 10 | <1% |
| India | 10 | <1% |
| Other | 116 | 8% |
| Unknown | 736 | 52% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1205 | 85% |
| Scientists | 123 | 9% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 61 | 4% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 23 | 2% |
| Unknown | 1 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 3,450 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 46 | 1% |
| Germany | 18 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 18 | <1% |
| Netherlands | 7 | <1% |
| Canada | 7 | <1% |
| Australia | 7 | <1% |
| Sweden | 6 | <1% |
| Brazil | 6 | <1% |
| Spain | 5 | <1% |
| Other | 42 | 1% |
| Unknown | 3288 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 584 | 17% |
| Student > Master | 466 | 14% |
| Researcher | 409 | 12% |
| Student > Bachelor | 291 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 194 | 6% |
| Other | 840 | 24% |
| Unknown | 666 | 19% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 558 | 16% |
| Social Sciences | 352 | 10% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 302 | 9% |
| Business, Management and Accounting | 255 | 7% |
| Computer Science | 171 | 5% |
| Other | 1014 | 29% |
| Unknown | 798 | 23% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1783. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 17 April 2024.
All research outputs
#5,800
of 25,728,855 outputs
Outputs from Journal of Personality & Social Psychology
#4
of 7,479 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#2
of 110,437 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Journal of Personality & Social Psychology
#1
of 140 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,728,855 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 7,479 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 29.9. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 110,437 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 140 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.