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Changes in the immune system in experimental acanthamoebiasis in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed hosts

Overview of attention for article published in Parasites & Vectors, September 2018
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Title
Changes in the immune system in experimental acanthamoebiasis in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed hosts
Published in
Parasites & Vectors, September 2018
DOI 10.1186/s13071-018-3108-x
Pubmed ID
Authors

Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk, Agnieszka Kolasa-Wołosiuk, Iwona Wojciechowska-Koszko, Karolina Kot, Paulina Roszkowska, Barbara Krasnodębska-Szponder, Edyta Paczkowska, Bogusław Machaliński, Karolina Łuczkowska, Barbara Wiszniewska, Danuta Kosik-Bogacka

Abstract

Acanthamoebiasis is most often found in patients with immune deficiency, with infections facilitated by the intake of immunosuppressive drugs. The host immune response to Acanthamoeba spp. infection is poorly understood. Thus, in this study, we aimed to examine the course of Acanthamoeba spp. infection taking into account the host's immunological status, including assessment of the hematological parameters, cytokine analysis, immunophenotypic changes in spleen populations, and histological spleen changes, which could help clarify some aspects of the immune response to acanthamoebiasis. In our experimental study, we used Acanthamoeba strain AM 22 isolated from the bronchoaspirate of a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and atypical pneumonia symptoms. Acanthamoeba spp. affected the hematological parameters in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice and induced a change in spleen weight during infection. Moreover, analysis of anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and IL-10) and pro-inflammatory (IL-17A and IFN-γ) cytokines produced by splenocytes stimulated with concanavalin A demonstrated that Acanthamoeba spp. induced a selective Th1, Th2 and Th17 response at later stages of the infection in immunocompetent hosts. In the case of hosts with low immunity, Acanthamoeba elicited robust Th1 cell-mediated immunity without the participation of Th17. We observed suppression of CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD3+CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) T lymphocyte populations in the beginning, and in the case of CD3+/CD4+/CD8+ double-positive (DP) T cells in the final phase of Acanthamoeba spp. infection in hosts with low immunity. Also, CD4+T lymphocytes and CD3+/CD4+ and CD3+/CD8+ lymphocyte counts during each stage of acanthamoebiasis were shown to be upregulated. We demonstrated that analysis of the immune response and pathogenesis mechanisms of clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba spp. in an animal model not only has purely cognitive significance but above all, may help in the development of effective methods of pharmacological therapy especially in patients with low immunity.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 23 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 23 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Lecturer 3 13%
Student > Bachelor 2 9%
Researcher 2 9%
Student > Ph. D. Student 2 9%
Student > Doctoral Student 1 4%
Other 2 9%
Unknown 11 48%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Immunology and Microbiology 6 26%
Medicine and Dentistry 3 13%
Computer Science 1 4%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 1 4%
Engineering 1 4%
Other 0 0%
Unknown 11 48%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 22 September 2018.
All research outputs
#18,649,666
of 23,103,903 outputs
Outputs from Parasites & Vectors
#4,277
of 5,524 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#262,390
of 342,063 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Parasites & Vectors
#83
of 115 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,103,903 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 11th percentile – i.e., 11% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 5,524 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.7. This one is in the 11th percentile – i.e., 11% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 342,063 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 12th percentile – i.e., 12% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 115 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 14th percentile – i.e., 14% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.