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Factors associated with malaria infection in Honde valley, Mutasa district, Zimbabwe, 2014: a case control study

Overview of attention for article published in BMC Research Notes, December 2015
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Title
Factors associated with malaria infection in Honde valley, Mutasa district, Zimbabwe, 2014: a case control study
Published in
BMC Research Notes, December 2015
DOI 10.1186/s13104-015-1831-3
Pubmed ID
Authors

Norma Mugwagwa, Joseph Mberikunashe, Notion Tafara Gombe, Mufuta Tshimanga, Donewell Bangure, More Mungati

Abstract

In January of 2014, an outbreak of malaria was declared in the Honde Valley region of Mutasa District in Zimbabwe. The area has a hot, temperate climate and high rainfall pattern ideal for vector breeding and malaria transmission. Gravity fed irrigation channels span the valley creating a number of breeding sites for malaria vectors, mosquitoes. Malaria outbreaks have been a common occurrence in the district over the past few years despite the district meeting set targets for prevention interventions like indoor residual spraying (IRS) with pyrethroids and long lasting insecticidal nets distribution. The objectives of this study were to describe the outbreak by person, place and time, to assess the community's knowledge on malaria transmission, signs and symptoms and treatment and to tease out factors associated with malaria infection in the district. An unmatched case-control study was carried out. Interviewer guided questionnaires were administered to residents of the valley who met the inclusion criteria in order to tease out possible factors associated with malaria infection. A case was defined as a resident of Honde Valley with a history of malaria symptoms and a confirmed diagnosis from 13 January 2014 to 26 January 2014. A control was a resident of Mutasa District who was present in the district during the time of the outbreak but did not develop symptoms of malaria. A total of 87 cases and 87 controls were enrolled. Cases and controls were comparable in terms of socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge on malaria transmission, treatment and prevention. Risk factors associated with contracting malaria during the outbreak were being under the age of 5 years (OR = 9.92, CI 1, 2-80, 1), not using mosquito repellents (OR = 8, 25 CI 3, 78-18, 0), having outdoor activities before dawn and after dusk (OR = 2, 81 CI 1,04-7, 6). Having received indoor residual spraying in ones house was a risk factor for contracting malaria (OR = 1, 68 CI 0, 74-3, 83). This finding was not statistically significant. Sleeping under an insecticidal net and wearing protective clothing when outdoors after dusk were protective factors against contracting malaria (OR = 0, 27 CI 0, 12-0, 59 and OR = 0, 12 CI 0, 06-0, 25 respectively). All cases were treated according to the national malaria case management guidelines. Risk factors for contracting malaria were being under the age of 5 years, outdoor activities at night and not using mosquito repellents. Net use was a protective factor from contracting malaria in Mutasa District. Indoor residual spraying with pyrethroids in Honde Valley was not a protective factor against contracting malaria.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 112 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 112 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 25 22%
Student > Ph. D. Student 17 15%
Student > Bachelor 13 12%
Researcher 13 12%
Student > Postgraduate 8 7%
Other 12 11%
Unknown 24 21%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Medicine and Dentistry 28 25%
Nursing and Health Professions 22 20%
Social Sciences 9 8%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 6 5%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 4 4%
Other 14 13%
Unknown 29 26%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 03 January 2016.
All research outputs
#17,779,578
of 22,836,570 outputs
Outputs from BMC Research Notes
#2,830
of 4,266 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#267,128
of 392,772 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Research Notes
#103
of 147 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,836,570 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 19th percentile – i.e., 19% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,266 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.5. This one is in the 29th percentile – i.e., 29% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 392,772 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 27th percentile – i.e., 27% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 147 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 27th percentile – i.e., 27% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.