Title |
Evidence for an ice shelf covering the central Arctic Ocean during the penultimate glaciation
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Published in |
Nature Communications, January 2016
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DOI | 10.1038/ncomms10365 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Martin Jakobsson, Johan Nilsson, Leif Anderson, Jan Backman, Göran Björk, Thomas M. Cronin, Nina Kirchner, Andrey Koshurnikov, Larry Mayer, Riko Noormets, Matthew O’Regan, Christian Stranne, Roman Ananiev, Natalia Barrientos Macho, Denis Cherniykh, Helen Coxall, Björn Eriksson, Tom Flodén, Laura Gemery, Örjan Gustafsson, Kevin Jerram, Carina Johansson, Alexey Khortov, Rezwan Mohammad, Igor Semiletov |
Abstract |
The hypothesis of a km-thick ice shelf covering the entire Arctic Ocean during peak glacial conditions was proposed nearly half a century ago. Floating ice shelves preserve few direct traces after their disappearance, making reconstructions difficult. Seafloor imprints of ice shelves should, however, exist where ice grounded along their flow paths. Here we present new evidence of ice-shelf groundings on bathymetric highs in the central Arctic Ocean, resurrecting the concept of an ice shelf extending over the entire central Arctic Ocean during at least one previous ice age. New and previously mapped glacial landforms together reveal flow of a spatially coherent, in some regions >1-km thick, central Arctic Ocean ice shelf dated to marine isotope stage 6 (∼140 ka). Bathymetric highs were likely critical in the ice-shelf development by acting as pinning points where stabilizing ice rises formed, thereby providing sufficient back stress to allow ice shelf thickening. |
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United Kingdom | 3 | 25% |
Norway | 2 | 17% |
Spain | 1 | 8% |
United States | 1 | 8% |
Unknown | 5 | 42% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 8 | 67% |
Scientists | 4 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Norway | 1 | <1% |
Ireland | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Denmark | 1 | <1% |
Russia | 1 | <1% |
Spain | 1 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Poland | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 136 | 94% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 40 | 28% |
Researcher | 31 | 22% |
Student > Master | 19 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 9 | 6% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 8 | 6% |
Other | 14 | 10% |
Unknown | 23 | 16% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Earth and Planetary Sciences | 92 | 64% |
Environmental Science | 7 | 5% |
Chemistry | 3 | 2% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 2% |
Economics, Econometrics and Finance | 1 | <1% |
Other | 6 | 4% |
Unknown | 32 | 22% |