Title |
Global Seabird Response to Forage Fish Depletion—One-Third for the Birds
|
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Published in |
Science, December 2011
|
DOI | 10.1126/science.1212928 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Philippe M. Cury, Ian L. Boyd, Sylvain Bonhommeau, Tycho Anker-Nilssen, Robert J. M. Crawford, Robert W. Furness, James A. Mills, Eugene J. Murphy, Henrik Österblom, Michelle Paleczny, John F. Piatt, Jean-Paul Roux, Lynne Shannon, William J. Sydeman |
Abstract |
Determining the form of key predator-prey relationships is critical for understanding marine ecosystem dynamics. Using a comprehensive global database, we quantified the effect of fluctuations in food abundance on seabird breeding success. We identified a threshold in prey (fish and krill, termed "forage fish") abundance below which seabirds experience consistently reduced and more variable productivity. This response was common to all seven ecosystems and 14 bird species examined within the Atlantic, Pacific, and Southern Oceans. The threshold approximated one-third of the maximum prey biomass observed in long-term studies. This provides an indicator of the minimal forage fish biomass needed to sustain seabird productivity over the long term. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 9 | 19% |
United States | 4 | 8% |
France | 3 | 6% |
Australia | 1 | 2% |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1 | 2% |
Canada | 1 | 2% |
Sweden | 1 | 2% |
Senegal | 1 | 2% |
Japan | 1 | 2% |
Other | 3 | 6% |
Unknown | 23 | 48% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 38 | 79% |
Scientists | 9 | 19% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 17 | 2% |
United Kingdom | 8 | 1% |
Brazil | 3 | <1% |
Sweden | 3 | <1% |
Canada | 3 | <1% |
France | 2 | <1% |
South Africa | 2 | <1% |
Spain | 2 | <1% |
Belgium | 2 | <1% |
Other | 11 | 1% |
Unknown | 731 | 93% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 193 | 25% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 140 | 18% |
Student > Master | 128 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 67 | 9% |
Other | 44 | 6% |
Other | 115 | 15% |
Unknown | 97 | 12% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 395 | 50% |
Environmental Science | 184 | 23% |
Earth and Planetary Sciences | 22 | 3% |
Business, Management and Accounting | 10 | 1% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 10 | 1% |
Other | 32 | 4% |
Unknown | 131 | 17% |