Title |
Adaptive and Innate Immune Responsiveness to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Exposed Asymptomatic Children and Children with Previous Clinical Lyme Borreliosis
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Published in |
Journal of Immunology Research, December 2011
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DOI | 10.1155/2012/294587 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Barbro H. Skogman, Sandra Hellberg, Christina Ekerfelt, Maria C. Jenmalm, Pia Forsberg, Johnny Ludvigsson, Sven Bergström, Jan Ernerudh |
Abstract |
Why some individuals develop clinical manifestations in Lyme borreliosis (LB) while others remain asymptomatic is largely unknown. Therefore, we wanted to investigate adaptive and innate immune responsiveness to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in exposed Borrelia-antibody-positive asymptomatic children (n = 20), children with previous clinical LB (n = 24), and controls (n = 20). Blood samples were analyzed for Borrelia-specific interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-17 secretion by ELISPOT and Borrelia-induced IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12(p70), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) secretion by Luminex. We found no significant differences in cytokine secretion between groups, but a tendency towards an increased spontaneous secretion of IL-6 was found among children with previous clinical LB. In conclusion, the adaptive or innate immune responsiveness to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was similar in Borrelia-exposed asymptomatic children and children with previous clinical LB. Thus, the immunological mechanisms of importance for eradicating the spirochete effectively without developing clinical manifestations of LB remain unknown. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Poland | 2 | 4% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 2% |
Germany | 1 | 2% |
Norway | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 51 | 91% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Researcher | 9 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 8 | 14% |
Student > Master | 7 | 13% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 5 | 9% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 4 | 7% |
Other | 12 | 21% |
Unknown | 11 | 20% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 16 | 29% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 21% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 7 | 13% |
Mathematics | 1 | 2% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 1 | 2% |
Other | 5 | 9% |
Unknown | 14 | 25% |