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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Vaccination with Toxoplasma gondii calcium-dependent protein kinase 6 and rhoptry protein 18 encapsulated in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres induces long-term protective immunity in mice
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
BMC Infectious Diseases, April 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s12879-016-1496-0 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Nian-Zhang Zhang, Ying Xu, Meng Wang, Jia Chen, Si-Yang Huang, Qi Gao, Xing-Quan Zhu |
| Abstract |
Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. However, no effective vaccine is yet available. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) polymers can reduce protein degradation and sustain the release of antigens over a long period, which could generate a long-lasting immune response in vivo. Using a mouse model of toxoplasmosis, we evaluated the protective efficacy of vaccination with two recombinant proteins, which are formulated in biodegradable polymers. Two recombinant proteins, rCDPK6 and rROP18, were encapsulated in poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG), and then injected subcutaneously into Kunming mice. The mice immune responses were evaluated in terms of lympho-proliferation, cytokine expression, and antibodies. The survival of infected mice and brain cyst formation were also evaluated at 6 weeks after challenge with T. gondii RH strain (genotype I) or PRU strain (genotype II). Both protein vaccines induced Th1-biased immune responses, with increased specific antibodies and T cells, high levels of interferon-γ and interleukin 2, and strong lymphocyte proliferative responses. The mice immunized with the various protein vaccines survived slightly longer time than the control groups (P > 0.05) after injection with T. gondii RH strain. There were fewer brain cysts in the mice in all the immunized groups than that in the control groups, and the brain cysts were significantly reduced in mice immunized with proteins + 206, rCDPK6 + PLG and rCDPK6 + rROP18 + PLG (P < 0.05) compared controls. Further comparison of the immune responses to the proteins adjuvanted with PLG or Montanide™ ISA 206 VG 6 weeks after the last immunization revealed that antigens encapsulated in PLG conferred greater protective immunity against challenge. These findings suggest that the two recombinant T. gondii proteins encapsulated in PLG conferred immunity to T. gondii for an extended period, providing the foundation for the further development of a commercial vaccine against toxoplasmosis. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 2 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Armenia | 1 | 50% |
| Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 50% |
| Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 34 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 34 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 26% |
| Researcher | 6 | 18% |
| Student > Bachelor | 5 | 15% |
| Student > Master | 5 | 15% |
| Professor | 1 | 3% |
| Other | 2 | 6% |
| Unknown | 6 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 6 | 18% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 5 | 15% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 9% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 9% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 9% |
| Other | 5 | 15% |
| Unknown | 9 | 26% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 24 April 2016.
All research outputs
#15,369,653
of 22,865,319 outputs
Outputs from BMC Infectious Diseases
#4,478
of 7,687 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#179,577
of 299,111 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Infectious Diseases
#80
of 115 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,865,319 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 22nd percentile – i.e., 22% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 7,687 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 9.6. This one is in the 33rd percentile – i.e., 33% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 299,111 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 31st percentile – i.e., 31% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 115 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 26th percentile – i.e., 26% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.