Chapter title |
Vaccine Design
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 20 |
Book title |
Vaccine Design
|
Published in |
Methods in molecular biology, January 2016
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-1-4939-3387-7_20 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-1-4939-3385-3, 978-1-4939-3387-7
|
Authors |
Karczewski, Jerzy, Bodmer, Jean-Luc, Cook, James C, Xoconostle, Rachel F, Nahas, Debbie D, Joyce, Joseph G, Heinrichs, Jon H, Secore, Susan, Jerzy Karczewski, Jean-Luc Bodmer, James C. Cook, Rachel F. Xoconostle, Debbie D. Nahas, Joseph G. Joyce, Jon H. Heinrichs, Susan Secore |
Editors |
Sunil Thomas |
Abstract |
Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive bacterium responsible for a large proportion of nosocomial infections in the developed world. C. difficile secretes toxins A and B (TcdA and TcdB) and both toxins act synergistically to induce a spectrum of pathological responses in infected individuals ranging from pseudomembranous colitis to C. difficile-associated diarrhea. Toxins A and B have been actively investigated as components of prophylactic vaccine as well as targets for therapeutic intervention with antibodies. Expression of such toxins by recombinant technology is often difficult and may require special handling and adherence to strict safety regulations during the manufacturing process due to the inherent toxicity of the proteins. Both toxins are large proteins (308 kDa and 270 kDa, respectively) and contain distinct domains mediating cell attachment, cellular translocation, and enzymatic (glucosidase) activity. Here we describe methods to produce fragments of Toxin B for their subsequent evaluation as components of experimental C. difficile vaccines. Methods presented include selection of fragments encompassing distinct functional regions of Toxin B, purification methods to yield high quality proteins, and analytical evaluation techniques. The approach presented focuses on Toxin B but could be applied to the other component, Toxin A, and/or to any difficult to express or toxic protein. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 33% |
Unknown | 2 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 1 | 33% |
Members of the public | 1 | 33% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 11 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 4 | 36% |
Other | 2 | 18% |
Lecturer | 1 | 9% |
Professor | 1 | 9% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 1 | 9% |
Other | 2 | 18% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 27% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 18% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 18% |
Computer Science | 1 | 9% |
Physics and Astronomy | 1 | 9% |
Other | 1 | 9% |
Unknown | 1 | 9% |