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Antigenic Characterization of H3 Subtypes of Avian Influenza A Viruses from North America

Overview of attention for article published in Avian Diseases, January 2016
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Title
Antigenic Characterization of H3 Subtypes of Avian Influenza A Viruses from North America
Published in
Avian Diseases, January 2016
DOI 10.1637/11086-041015-regr
Pubmed ID
Authors

Elizabeth Bailey, Li-Ping Long, Nan Zhao, Jeffrey S. Hall, John A. Baroch, Jacqueline Nolting, Lucy Senter, Frederick L. Cunningham, G. Todd Pharr, Larry Hanson, Richard Slemons, Thomas J. DeLiberto, Xiu-Feng Wan

Abstract

Besides humans, H3 subtypes of influenza A viruses (IAVs) can infect various animal hosts, including avian, swine, equine, canine, and sea mammal species. These H3 viruses are both antigenically and genetically diverse. Here, we characterized the antigenic diversity of contemporary H3 avian IAVs recovered from migratory birds in North America. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays were performed on 37 H3 isolates of avian IAVs recovered from 2007 to 2011 using generated reference chicken sera. These isolates were recovered from samples taken in the Atlantic, Mississippi, Central, and Pacific waterfowl migration flyways. Antisera to all the tested H3 isolates cross-reacted with each other and, to a lesser extent, with those to H3 canine and H3 equine IAVs. Antigenic cartography showed that the largest antigenic distance among the 37 avian IAVs is about four units, and each unit corresponds to a 2 log 2 difference in the HI titer. However, none of the tested H3 IAVs cross-reacted with ferret sera derived from contemporary swine and human IAVs. Our results showed that the H3 avian IAVs we tested lacked significant antigenic diversity, and these viruses were antigenically different from those circulating in swine and human populations. This suggests that H3 avian IAVs in North American waterfowl are antigenically relatively stable.

Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 36 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Brazil 1 3%
Unknown 35 97%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 7 19%
Student > Master 7 19%
Researcher 6 17%
Student > Bachelor 6 17%
Professor 2 6%
Other 3 8%
Unknown 5 14%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 13 36%
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine 6 17%
Medicine and Dentistry 3 8%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 2 6%
Earth and Planetary Sciences 2 6%
Other 5 14%
Unknown 5 14%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 21 June 2016.
All research outputs
#22,759,452
of 25,373,627 outputs
Outputs from Avian Diseases
#1,341
of 1,473 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#343,315
of 401,522 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Avian Diseases
#14
of 23 outputs
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We're also able to compare this research output to 23 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.