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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Digit Ratio (2D:4D): A Biomarker for Prenatal Sex Steroids and Adult Sex Steroids in Challenge Situations
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Frontiers in endocrinology, January 2014
|
| DOI | 10.3389/fendo.2014.00009 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
John Manning, Liam Kilduff, Christian Cook, Blair Crewther, Bernhard Fink |
| Abstract |
Digit ratio (2D:4D) denotes the relative length of the second and fourth digits. This ratio is considered to be a biomarker of the balance between fetal testosterone (T) and estrogen (E) in a narrow window of early ontogeny. Evidence for this assertion is derived from direct and indirect measures of prenatal hormonal exposure (in experimental animals, via amniotic fluid samples and in the study of sex-typical traits) in relation to 2D:4D. In contrast, the relationships between 2D:4D and levels of sex steroids in adults are less clear, as many correlational studies of 2D:4D and adult sex steroids have concluded that this association is statistically non-significant. Here, we suggest that in order to understand the link between 2D:4D and sex hormones, one must consider both fetal organizing and adult activating effects of T and E. In particular, we hypothesize that 2D:4D correlates with organizing effects on the endocrine system that moderate activating effects in adulthood. We argue that this is particularly evident in "challenging" conditions such as aggressive and sexual encounters, in which individuals show increased levels of T. We discuss this refinement of the 2D:4D paradigm in relation to the links between 2D:4D and sports performance, and aggression. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 8 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Japan | 2 | 25% |
| United States | 1 | 13% |
| Benin | 1 | 13% |
| Switzerland | 1 | 13% |
| Unknown | 3 | 38% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 8 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 199 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 3 | 2% |
| Austria | 2 | 1% |
| Germany | 1 | <1% |
| Indonesia | 1 | <1% |
| Qatar | 1 | <1% |
| Russia | 1 | <1% |
| United States | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 189 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 32 | 16% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 25 | 13% |
| Researcher | 21 | 11% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 18 | 9% |
| Student > Master | 17 | 9% |
| Other | 50 | 25% |
| Unknown | 36 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 53 | 27% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 29 | 15% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 26 | 13% |
| Sports and Recreations | 17 | 9% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 9 | 5% |
| Other | 25 | 13% |
| Unknown | 40 | 20% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 24. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 04 January 2024.
All research outputs
#1,589,609
of 25,634,695 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in endocrinology
#381
of 13,262 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#17,359
of 320,626 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in endocrinology
#2
of 27 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,634,695 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 93rd percentile: it's in the top 10% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 13,262 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 5.0. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 97% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 320,626 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 94% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 27 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 92% of its contemporaries.