Title |
DNA Damage Response and Immune Defense: Links and Mechanisms
|
---|---|
Published in |
Frontiers in Genetics, August 2016
|
DOI | 10.3389/fgene.2016.00147 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Rania Nakad, Björn Schumacher |
Abstract |
DNA damage plays a causal role in numerous human pathologies including cancer, premature aging, and chronic inflammatory conditions. In response to genotoxic insults, the DNA damage response (DDR) orchestrates DNA damage checkpoint activation and facilitates the removal of DNA lesions. The DDR can also arouse the immune system by for example inducing the expression of antimicrobial peptides as well as ligands for receptors found on immune cells. The activation of immune signaling is triggered by different components of the DDR including DNA damage sensors, transducer kinases, and effectors. In this review, we describe recent advances on the understanding of the role of DDR in activating immune signaling. We highlight evidence gained into (i) which molecular and cellular pathways of DDR activate immune signaling, (ii) how DNA damage drives chronic inflammation, and (iii) how chronic inflammation causes DNA damage and pathology in humans. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Switzerland | 2 | 22% |
Greece | 1 | 11% |
Unknown | 6 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 7 | 78% |
Scientists | 2 | 22% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
India | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 259 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 45 | 17% |
Researcher | 35 | 13% |
Student > Master | 34 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 18 | 7% |
Other | 14 | 5% |
Other | 45 | 17% |
Unknown | 69 | 27% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 79 | 30% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 37 | 14% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 30 | 12% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 16 | 6% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 5 | 2% |
Other | 14 | 5% |
Unknown | 79 | 30% |