Title |
TNF Receptor 2 and Disease: Autoimmunity and Regenerative Medicine
|
---|---|
Published in |
Frontiers in immunology, January 2013
|
DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00478 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Denise L. Faustman, Miriam Davis |
Abstract |
THE REGULATORY CYTOKINE TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR (TNF) EXERTS ITS EFFECTS THROUGH TWO RECEPTORS: TNFR1 and TNFR2. Defects in TNFR2 signaling are evident in a variety of autoimmune diseases. One new treatment strategy for autoimmune disease is selective destruction of autoreactive T cells by administration of TNF, TNF inducers, or TNFR2 agonism. A related strategy is to rely on TNFR2 agonism to induce T-regulatory cells (Tregs) that suppress cytotoxic T cells. Targeting TNFR2 as a treatment strategy is likely superior to TNFR1 because of its more limited cellular distribution on T cells, subsets of neurons, and a few other cell types, whereas TNFR1 is expressed throughout the body. This review focuses on TNFR2 expression, structure, and signaling; TNFR2 signaling in autoimmune disease; treatment strategies targeting TNFR2 in autoimmunity; and the potential for TNFR2 to facilitate end organ regeneration. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 2 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | <1% |
Denmark | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 191 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 32 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 30 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 30 | 16% |
Student > Master | 24 | 12% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 12 | 6% |
Other | 17 | 9% |
Unknown | 48 | 25% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 35 | 18% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 30 | 16% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 25 | 13% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 23 | 12% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 8 | 4% |
Other | 24 | 12% |
Unknown | 48 | 25% |