Title |
Natural Killer Cells as Helper Cells in Dendritic Cell Cancer Vaccines
|
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Published in |
Frontiers in immunology, January 2015
|
DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00013 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
María Betina Pampena, Estrella Mariel Levy |
Abstract |
Vaccine-based cancer immunotherapy has generated highly variable clinical results due to differing methods of vaccine preparation and variation in patient populations among other lesser factors. Moreover, these clinical responses do not necessarily correspond with the induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic lymphocytes. Here, we review the participation of natural killer (NK) cells as alternative immune components that could cooperate in successful vaccination treatment. NK cells have been described as helper cells in dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines, but the role in other kinds of vaccination strategies (whole cells, peptide, or DNA-based vaccines) is poorly understood. In this article, we address the following issues regarding the role of NK cells in cancer vaccines: NK cell anti-tumor action sites, and the loci of NK cell interaction with other immune cells; descriptions of new data on the memory characteristics of NK cells described in infectious diseases; and finally phenotypical and functional changes after vaccination measured by immunomonitoring in preclinical and clinical settings. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 1 | 10% |
Germany | 1 | 10% |
Netherlands | 1 | 10% |
Switzerland | 1 | 10% |
Unknown | 6 | 60% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 8 | 80% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 10% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 10% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Israel | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 65 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 12 | 18% |
Researcher | 12 | 18% |
Student > Master | 10 | 15% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 11% |
Student > Bachelor | 7 | 11% |
Other | 11 | 17% |
Unknown | 7 | 11% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 17 | 26% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 14 | 21% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 11 | 17% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 7 | 11% |
Linguistics | 2 | 3% |
Other | 7 | 11% |
Unknown | 8 | 12% |