Title |
Dickkopf-3 Contributes to the Regulation of Anti-Tumor Immune Responses by Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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Published in |
Frontiers in immunology, December 2015
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DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00645 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Kun-Hui Lu, Amel Tounsi, Naveen Shridhar, Günter Küblbeck, Alexandra Klevenz, Sandra Prokosch, Tobias Bald, Thomas Tüting, Bernd Arnold |
Abstract |
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to limit immune responses in vivo by multiple soluble factors. Dickkopf-3 (DKK3), a secreted glycoprotein, has recently been identified as a novel immune modulator. Since DKK3 has been reported to be produced by MSCs, we investigated whether DKK3 contributes to the immune suppression of anti-tumor responses by MSCs. Whereas wild-type MSCs inhibited immune responses against two different transplantation tumors, DKK3-deficient MSCs did not affect the rejection process. Increased CD8(+) T cell and reduced M2-type macrophages infiltration was observed in tumors inoculated together with DKK3-deficient MSCs. Thus, DKK3 could alter the composition of the tumor stroma, thereby supporting the MSCs-mediated suppression of immune responses against these tumor transplants. |
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