Title |
Changes in Follicular CD4+ T Helper Cells as a Marker for Evaluating Disease Progression in the Competition between HIV and Host Immunity
|
---|---|
Published in |
Frontiers in immunology, October 2016
|
DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00474 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Xiaolei Wang, Widade Ziani, Huanbin Xu |
Abstract |
Follicular CD4+ T helper (TFH) cells interact with B cells in follicular germinal centers and play a prominent role in promoting effective humoral immune responses to pathogens, providing help for B cell development and antibody affinity maturation. Recent studies indicate TFH cells are expanded in HIV/SIV chronic infection, or depleted in terminal stages of disease, yet relatively maintained in elite controllers when compared with uninfected controls. A better understanding of the mechanisms behind these immunologic abnormalities may lead to more effective vaccination and therapeutic strategies. Here, we review recent findings of TFH cells in HIV/SIV infection and discuss the correlation of changes and function of TFH cells with host immunity. Dysregulation or depletion of CD4+ TFH cells likely plays a major role in the inability of HIV-infected patients to mount effective immune responses. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Mexico | 1 | 17% |
United States | 1 | 17% |
Switzerland | 1 | 17% |
Unknown | 3 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 4 | 67% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Chile | 1 | 6% |
Unknown | 15 | 94% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 4 | 25% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 19% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 2 | 13% |
Other | 1 | 6% |
Student > Bachelor | 1 | 6% |
Other | 2 | 13% |
Unknown | 3 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 25% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 4 | 25% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 13% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 13% |
Unknown | 4 | 25% |