Title |
The Microbiota and Epigenetic Regulation of T Helper 17/Regulatory T Cells: In Search of a Balanced Immune System
|
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Published in |
Frontiers in immunology, April 2017
|
DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00417 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Annie Luo, Steven T. Leach, Romain Barres, Luke B. Hesson, Michael C. Grimm, David Simar |
Abstract |
Immune cells not only affect tissue homeostasis at the site of inflammation but also exert systemic effects contributing to multiple chronic conditions. Recent evidence clearly supports an altered T helper 17/regulatory T cell (Th17/Treg) balance leading to the development and progression of inflammatory diseases that not only affect the gastrointestinal tract but also have whole-body manifestations, including insulin resistance. Epigenetic mechanisms are amenable to both environmental and circulating factors and contribute to determining the T cell landscape. The recently identified participation of the gut microbiota in the remodeling of the epigenome of immune cells has triggered a paradigm shift in our understanding of the etiology of various inflammatory diseases and opened new paths toward therapeutic strategies. In this review, we provide an overview of the contribution of the Th17/Treg balance in the development and progression of inflammatory bowel diseases and metabolic diseases. We discuss the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of T cell function in the particular context of dysbiosis. Finally, we examine the potential for nutritional interventions affecting the gut microbiota to reshape the T cell epigenome and address the inflammatory component of various diseases. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 4 | 17% |
France | 3 | 13% |
Switzerland | 2 | 9% |
Sweden | 1 | 4% |
India | 1 | 4% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 4% |
Italy | 1 | 4% |
Spain | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 9 | 39% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 15 | 65% |
Scientists | 7 | 30% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 4% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 151 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 25 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 21 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 20 | 13% |
Student > Master | 16 | 11% |
Other | 12 | 8% |
Other | 22 | 15% |
Unknown | 35 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 25 | 17% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 24 | 16% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 21 | 14% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 14 | 9% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 6 | 4% |
Other | 17 | 11% |
Unknown | 44 | 29% |