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IP-10 Promotes Blood–Brain Barrier Damage by Inducing Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Production in Japanese Encephalitis

Overview of attention for article published in Frontiers in immunology, May 2018
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Title
IP-10 Promotes Blood–Brain Barrier Damage by Inducing Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Production in Japanese Encephalitis
Published in
Frontiers in immunology, May 2018
DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01148
Pubmed ID
Authors

Ke Wang, Haili Wang, Wenjuan Lou, Longhuan Ma, Yunchuan Li, Nan Zhang, Chong Wang, Fang Li, Muhammad Awais, Shengbo Cao, Ruiping She, Zhen F. Fu, Min Cui

Abstract

Japanese encephalitis is a neuropathological disorder caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), which is characterized by severe pathological neuroinflammation and damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Inflammatory cytokines/chemokines can regulate the expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins and are believed to be a leading cause of BBB disruption, but the specific mechanisms remain unclear. IP-10 is the most abundant chemokine produced in the early stage of JEV infection, but its role in BBB disruption is unknown. The administration of IP-10-neutralizing antibody ameliorated the decrease in TJ proteins and restored BBB integrity in JEV-infected mice. In vitro study showed IP-10 and JEV treatment did not directly alter the permeability of the monolayers of endothelial cells. However, IP-10 treatment promoted tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production and IP-10-neutralizing antibody significantly reduced the production of TNF-α. Thus, TNF-α could be a downstream cytokine of IP-10, which decreased TJ proteins and damaged BBB integrity. Further study indicated that JEV infection can stimulate upregulation of the IP-10 receptor CXCR3 on astrocytes, resulting in TNF-α production through the JNK-c-Jun signaling pathway. Consequently, TNF-α affected the expression and cellular distribution of TJs in brain microvascular endothelial cells and led to BBB damage during JEV infection. Regarding regulation of the BBB, the IP-10/TNF-α cytokine axis could be considered a potential target for the development of novel therapeutics in BBB-related neurological diseases.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 60 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 60 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 13 22%
Student > Bachelor 7 12%
Researcher 7 12%
Student > Doctoral Student 5 8%
Student > Ph. D. Student 4 7%
Other 8 13%
Unknown 16 27%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Neuroscience 13 22%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 7 12%
Immunology and Microbiology 6 10%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 5 8%
Medicine and Dentistry 4 7%
Other 5 8%
Unknown 20 33%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 07 November 2019.
All research outputs
#16,053,755
of 25,382,440 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in immunology
#16,721
of 31,537 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#199,000
of 344,275 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in immunology
#473
of 742 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,382,440 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 34th percentile – i.e., 34% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 31,537 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 8.4. This one is in the 42nd percentile – i.e., 42% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 344,275 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 39th percentile – i.e., 39% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 742 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 32nd percentile – i.e., 32% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.