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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Interleukin(IL)-36α and IL-36γ Induce Proinflammatory Mediators from Human Colonic Subepithelial Myofibroblasts
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Frontiers in Medicine, September 2015
|
| DOI | 10.3389/fmed.2015.00069 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Toshihiro Kanda, Atsushi Nishida, Kenichiro Takahashi, Kentaro Hidaka, Hirotsugu Imaeda, Osamu Inatomi, Shigeki Bamba, Mitsushige Sugimoto, Akira Andoh |
| Abstract |
Interleukin (IL)-36 cytokines are recently reported member of the IL-1 cytokine family. However, there is little information regarding the association between IL-36 cytokines and gut inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the biological activity of IL-36α and IL-36γ using human colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts (SEMFs). The mRNA expression and the protein expression of target molecules in SEMFs were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The intracellular signaling of IL-36 cytokines was analyzed using Western blot analysis and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) specific for MyD88 adaptor proteins (MyD88 and IRAK1) and NF-κB p65. IL-36α and IL-36γ significantly enhanced the secretion of IL-6 and CXC chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL8) by SEMFs. The combination of IL-36α/γ and IL-17A or of IL-36α/γ and tumor necrosis factor-α showed a synergistic effect on the induction of IL-6 and CXC chemokines. The mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators induced by IL-36α and/or IL-36γ was significantly suppressed by transfection of siRNA for MyD88 or IRAK1. Both inhibitors of mitogen activated protein kinases and siRNAs specific for NF-κBp65 significantly reduced the expression of IL-6 and CXC chemokines induced by IL-36α and/or IL-36γ. These results suggest that IL-36α and IL-36γ contribute to gut inflammation through the induction of proinflammatory mediators. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 24 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 24 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 4 | 17% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 17% |
| Student > Master | 3 | 13% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 8% |
| Researcher | 2 | 8% |
| Other | 3 | 13% |
| Unknown | 6 | 25% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 33% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 8% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 1 | 4% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 4% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 1 | 4% |
| Other | 3 | 13% |
| Unknown | 8 | 33% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 07 October 2015.
All research outputs
#22,759,452
of 25,374,647 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Medicine
#6,360
of 7,177 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#245,018
of 285,982 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Medicine
#15
of 18 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,374,647 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 7,177 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 13.6. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 285,982 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 18 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.