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Host cell type-dependent translocation and PhoP-mediated positive regulation of the effector SseK1 of Salmonella enterica

Overview of attention for article published in Frontiers in Microbiology, April 2015
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Title
Host cell type-dependent translocation and PhoP-mediated positive regulation of the effector SseK1 of Salmonella enterica
Published in
Frontiers in Microbiology, April 2015
DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00396
Pubmed ID
Authors

Fernando Baisón-Olmo, María Galindo-Moreno, Francisco Ramos-Morales

Abstract

Salmonella enterica expresses two virulence-related type III secretion systems (T3SSs) encoded in Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1) and SPI2, respectively. SseK1 is a poorly characterized substrate of the SPI2-encoded T3SS. Here, we show that this effector is essential to get full virulence both in oral and intraperitoneal mice infections, in spite of not having a role in invasion or intracellular proliferation in cultured mammalian cells. In vitro, expression of sseK1 was higher in media mimicking intracellular conditions, when SPI2 was induced, but it was also significant under SPI1 inducing conditions. A detailed analysis of translocation of SseK1 into host cells unveiled that it was a substrate of both, T3SS1 and T3SS2, although with different patterns and kinetics depending on the specific host cell type (epithelial, macrophages, or fibroblasts). The regulation of the expression of sseK1 was examined using lacZ and bioluminescent lux fusions. The two-component system PhoQ/PhoP is a positive regulator of this gene. A combination of sequence analysis, directed mutagenesis and electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that phosphorylated PhoP binds directly to the promoter region of sseK1 and revealed a PhoP binding site located upstream of the predicted -35 hexamer of this promoter.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 27 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 27 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 7 26%
Researcher 5 19%
Student > Bachelor 3 11%
Student > Ph. D. Student 3 11%
Student > Doctoral Student 1 4%
Other 4 15%
Unknown 4 15%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 11 41%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 10 37%
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine 1 4%
Immunology and Microbiology 1 4%
Unknown 4 15%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 29 April 2015.
All research outputs
#17,754,724
of 22,800,560 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Microbiology
#17,149
of 24,749 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#180,035
of 264,547 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Microbiology
#249
of 363 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,800,560 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 19th percentile – i.e., 19% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 24,749 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.3. This one is in the 22nd percentile – i.e., 22% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 264,547 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 27th percentile – i.e., 27% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 363 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 22nd percentile – i.e., 22% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.