Title |
Fluoroquinolone Resistance Mechanisms and population structure of Enterobacter cloacae non-susceptible to Ertapenem in North-Eastern France
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Published in |
Frontiers in Microbiology, October 2015
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DOI | 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01186 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Thomas Guillard, Pascal Cholley, Anne Limelette, Didier Hocquet, Lucie Matton, Christophe Guyeux, Anne-Laure Lebreil, Odile Bajolet, Lucien Brasme, Janick Madoux, Véronique Vernet-Garnier, Coralie Barbe, Xavier Bertrand, Christophe de Champs on behalf of CarbaFrEst Group |
Abstract |
Fluoroquinolone (FQ) agents are a potential resort to treat infection due to Enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum β-lactamase and susceptible to FQ. In a context of increase of non-susceptibility to carbapenems among Enterobacteriaceae, we characterized FQ resistance mechanisms in 75 Enterobacter cloacae isolates non-susceptible to ertapenem in North-Eastern France in 2012 and describe the population structure by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Among them, 14.7% (12/75) carried a carbapenemase-encoding gene. Except one isolate producing VIM-1, the carbapenemase-producing isolates carried the well-known IncL/M pOXA48a plasmid. Most of the isolates (59/75) harbored at least a FQ-R determinant. qnr genes were predominant (40%, 30/75). The MLST study revealed that E. cloacae isolates' clonality was wide [24 different sequence types (STs)]. The more widespread STs were ST74, ST101, ST110, ST114, and ST133. Carbapenem MICs were higher for E. cloacae ST74 than for other E. cloacae isolates. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants were more often observed in E. cloacae ST74 isolates. These findings showed that (i) pOXA-48a is spreading in North-Eastern France, (ii) qnr is preponderant in E. cloacae, (iii) E. cloacae comprised a large amount of lineages spreading in North-Eastern France, and (iv) FQ as an alternative to β-lactams to treat ertapenem non-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae are compromised. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Spain | 1 | 33% |
Unknown | 2 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Scientists | 2 | 67% |
Members of the public | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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India | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 24 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 5 | 20% |
Researcher | 4 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 3 | 12% |
Professor | 3 | 12% |
Student > Master | 2 | 8% |
Other | 4 | 16% |
Unknown | 4 | 16% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 6 | 24% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 20% |
Environmental Science | 2 | 8% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 8% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 8% |
Other | 2 | 8% |
Unknown | 6 | 24% |