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Expression of D-Amino Acid Oxidase (DAO/DAAO) and D-Amino Acid Oxidase Activator (DAOA/G72) during Development and Aging in the Human Post-mortem Brain

Overview of attention for article published in Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, April 2017
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Title
Expression of D-Amino Acid Oxidase (DAO/DAAO) and D-Amino Acid Oxidase Activator (DAOA/G72) during Development and Aging in the Human Post-mortem Brain
Published in
Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, April 2017
DOI 10.3389/fnana.2017.00031
Pubmed ID
Authors

Vinita Jagannath, Zoya Marinova, Camelia-Maria Monoranu, Susanne Walitza, Edna Grünblatt

Abstract

In the brain, D-amino acid oxidase (DAO/DAAO) mainly oxidizes D-serine, a co-agonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Thus, DAO can regulate the function of NMDA receptors via D-serine breakdown. Furthermore, DAO activator (DAOA)/G72 has been reported as both DAOA and repressor. The co-expression of DAO and DAOA genes and proteins in the human brain is not yet elucidated. The aim of this study was to understand the regional and age span distribution of DAO and DAOA (mRNA and protein) in a concomitant manner. We determined DAO and DAOA mRNA and protein expression across six brain regions in normal human post-mortem brain samples (16 weeks of gestation to 91 years) using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found higher expression of DAO mRNA in the cerebellum, whereas lower expression of DAO protein in the cerebellum compared to the other brain regions studied, which suggests post-transcriptional regulation. We detected DAOA protein but not DAOA mRNA in all brain regions studied, suggesting a tightly regulated expression. To understand this regulation at the transcriptional level, we analyzed DNA methylation levels at DAO and DAOA CpG sites in the cerebellum and frontal cortex of control human post-mortem brain obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus datasets. Indeed, DAO and DAOA CpG sites in the cerebellum were significantly more methylated than those in the frontal cortex. While investigating lifespan effects, we found that DAO mRNA levels were positively correlated with age <2 years in the cerebellum and amygdala. We also detected a significant positive correlation (controlled for age) between DAO and DAOA protein in all of the brain regions studied except for the frontal cortex. In summary, DAO and DAOA expression in the human brain are both age and brain region dependent.

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The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 32 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 32 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 8 25%
Student > Bachelor 6 19%
Researcher 5 16%
Professor 1 3%
Student > Master 1 3%
Other 1 3%
Unknown 10 31%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Neuroscience 5 16%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 5 16%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 2 6%
Chemistry 2 6%
Nursing and Health Professions 1 3%
Other 4 13%
Unknown 13 41%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 14 April 2017.
All research outputs
#20,413,129
of 22,963,381 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
#1,012
of 1,166 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#269,832
of 309,592 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
#32
of 35 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,963,381 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,166 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 8.9. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 35 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.