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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Structural and Functional MRI Differences in Master Sommeliers: A Pilot Study on Expertise in the Brain
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, August 2016
|
| DOI | 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00414 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Sarah J. Banks, Karthik R. Sreenivasan, David M. Weintraub, Deanna Baldock, Michael Noback, Meghan E. Pierce, Johannes Frasnelli, Jay James, Erik Beall, Xiaowei Zhuang, Dietmar Cordes, Gabriel C. Leger |
| Abstract |
Our experiences, even as adults, shape our brains. Regional differences have been found in experts, with the regions associated with their particular skill-set. Functional differences have also been noted in brain activation patterns in some experts. This study uses multimodal techniques to assess structural and functional patterns that differ between experts and non-experts. Sommeliers are experts in wine and thus in olfaction. We assessed differences in Master Sommeliers' brains, compared with controls, in structure and also in functional response to olfactory and visual judgment tasks. MRI data were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry as well as automated parcellation to assess structural properties, and group differences between tasks were calculated. Results indicate enhanced volume in the right insula and entorhinal cortex, with the cortical thickness of the entorhinal correlating with experience. There were regional activation differences in a large area involving the right olfactory and memory regions, with heightened activation specifically for sommeliers during an olfactory task. Our results indicate that sommeliers' brains show specialization in the expected regions of the olfactory and memory networks, and also in regions important in integration of internal sensory stimuli and external cues. Overall, these differences suggest that specialized expertise and training might result in enhancements in the brain well into adulthood. This is particularly important given the regions involved, which are the first to be impacted by many neurodegenerative diseases. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 46 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 10 | 22% |
| United Kingdom | 4 | 9% |
| Netherlands | 3 | 7% |
| South Africa | 2 | 4% |
| Spain | 2 | 4% |
| Portugal | 1 | 2% |
| Romania | 1 | 2% |
| France | 1 | 2% |
| Singapore | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 2 | 4% |
| Unknown | 19 | 41% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 35 | 76% |
| Scientists | 6 | 13% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 4 | 9% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 84 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Hong Kong | 1 | 1% |
| United States | 1 | 1% |
| Italy | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 81 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 15 | 18% |
| Student > Master | 12 | 14% |
| Researcher | 11 | 13% |
| Professor | 9 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 8 | 10% |
| Other | 14 | 17% |
| Unknown | 15 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Neuroscience | 17 | 20% |
| Psychology | 15 | 18% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 10 | 12% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 7 | 8% |
| Computer Science | 3 | 4% |
| Other | 13 | 15% |
| Unknown | 19 | 23% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 135. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 05 December 2019.
All research outputs
#304,056
of 25,253,876 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
#142
of 7,654 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#5,990
of 352,707 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
#7
of 145 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,253,876 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 98th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 7,654 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 14.9. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 352,707 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 145 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 95% of its contemporaries.