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A Novel 9-Class Auditory ERP Paradigm Driving a Predictive Text Entry System

Overview of attention for article published in Frontiers in Neuroscience, January 2011
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Title
A Novel 9-Class Auditory ERP Paradigm Driving a Predictive Text Entry System
Published in
Frontiers in Neuroscience, January 2011
DOI 10.3389/fnins.2011.00099
Pubmed ID
Authors

Johannes Höhne, Martijn Schreuder, Benjamin Blankertz, Michael Tangermann

Abstract

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) based on event related potentials (ERPs) strive for offering communication pathways which are independent of muscle activity. While most visual ERP-based BCI paradigms require good control of the user's gaze direction, auditory BCI paradigms overcome this restriction. The present work proposes a novel approach using auditory evoked potentials for the example of a multiclass text spelling application. To control the ERP speller, BCI users focus their attention to two-dimensional auditory stimuli that vary in both, pitch (high/medium/low) and direction (left/middle/right) and that are presented via headphones. The resulting nine different control signals are exploited to drive a predictive text entry system. It enables the user to spell a letter by a single nine-class decision plus two additional decisions to confirm a spelled word. This paradigm - called PASS2D - was investigated in an online study with 12 healthy participants. Users spelled with more than 0.8 characters per minute on average (3.4 bits/min) which makes PASS2D a competitive method. It could enrich the toolbox of existing ERP paradigms for BCI end users like people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease in a late stage.

Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 127 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
United States 5 4%
Germany 3 2%
Hungary 1 <1%
Belgium 1 <1%
Italy 1 <1%
Unknown 116 91%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 27 21%
Student > Master 25 20%
Researcher 19 15%
Student > Bachelor 12 9%
Professor > Associate Professor 7 6%
Other 19 15%
Unknown 18 14%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Engineering 35 28%
Computer Science 25 20%
Psychology 12 9%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 9 7%
Medicine and Dentistry 8 6%
Other 16 13%
Unknown 22 17%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 11 November 2011.
All research outputs
#22,758,309
of 25,373,627 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Neuroscience
#10,135
of 11,538 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#180,585
of 190,474 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Neuroscience
#64
of 72 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,373,627 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 11,538 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 10.9. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 190,474 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 72 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.