Title |
Distinct and Cooperative Functions for the Protocadherin-α, -β and -γ Clusters in Neuronal Survival and Axon Targeting
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Published in |
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, December 2016
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DOI | 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00155 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Sonoko Hasegawa, Makiko Kumagai, Mitsue Hagihara, Hiroshi Nishimaru, Keizo Hirano, Ryosuke Kaneko, Atsushi Okayama, Teruyoshi Hirayama, Makoto Sanbo, Masumi Hirabayashi, Masahiko Watanabe, Takahiro Hirabayashi, Takeshi Yagi |
Abstract |
The clustered protocadherin (Pcdh) genes are divided into the Pcdhα, Pcdhβ, and Pcdhγ clusters. Gene-disruption analyses in mice have revealed the in vivo functions of the Pcdhα and Pcdhγ clusters. However, all Pcdh protein isoforms form combinatorial cis-hetero dimers and enter trans-homophilic interactions. Here we addressed distinct and cooperative functions in the Pcdh clusters by generating six cluster-deletion mutants (Δα, Δβ, Δγ, Δαβ, Δβγ, and Δαβγ) and comparing their phenotypes: Δα, Δβ, and Δαβ mutants were viable and fertile; Δγ mutants lived less than 12 h; and Δβγ and Δαβγ mutants died shortly after birth. The Pcdhα, Pcdhβ, and Pcdhγ clusters were individually and cooperatively important in olfactory-axon targeting and spinal-cord neuron survival. Neurodegeneration was most severe in Δαβγ mutants, indicating that Pcdhα and Pcdhβ function cooperatively for neuronal survival. The Pcdhα, Pcdhβ, and Pcdhγ clusters share roles in olfactory-axon targeting and neuronal survival, although to different degrees. |
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