Title |
Cerebral Low-Molecular Metabolites Influenced by Intestinal Microbiota: A Pilot Study
|
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Published in |
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, January 2013
|
DOI | 10.3389/fnsys.2013.00009 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Mitsuharu Matsumoto, Ryoko Kibe, Takushi Ooga, Yuji Aiba, Emiko Sawaki, Yasuhiro Koga, Yoshimi Benno |
Abstract |
Recent studies suggest that intestinal microbiota influences gut-brain communication. In this study, we aimed to clarify the influence of intestinal microbiota on cerebral metabolism. We analyzed the cerebral metabolome of germ-free (GF) mice and Ex-GF mice, which were inoculated with suspension of feces obtained from specific pathogen-free mice, using capillary electrophoresis with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOFMS). CE-TOFMS identified 196 metabolites from the cerebral metabolome in both GF and Ex-GF mice. The concentrations of 38 metabolites differed significantly (p < 0.05) between GF and Ex-GF mice. Approximately 10 of these metabolites are known to be involved in brain function, whilst the functions of the remainder are unclear. Furthermore, we observed a novel association between cerebral glycolytic metabolism and intestinal microbiota. Our work shows that cerebral metabolites are influenced by normal intestinal microbiota through the microbiota-gut-brain axis, and indicates that normal intestinal microbiota closely connected with brain health and disease, development, attenuation, learning, memory, and behavior. |
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Japan | 5 | 24% |
United States | 2 | 10% |
China | 1 | 5% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 5% |
France | 1 | 5% |
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | 1 | 5% |
Unknown | 10 | 48% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 15 | 71% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 14% |
Scientists | 3 | 14% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 2 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
Italy | 1 | <1% |
South Africa | 1 | <1% |
Canada | 1 | <1% |
Spain | 1 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 280 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 48 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 43 | 15% |
Student > Master | 43 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 34 | 12% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 22 | 8% |
Other | 44 | 15% |
Unknown | 54 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 72 | 25% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 35 | 12% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 33 | 11% |
Neuroscience | 29 | 10% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 17 | 6% |
Other | 42 | 15% |
Unknown | 60 | 21% |