Title |
Radiation-induced effects and the immune system in cancer
|
---|---|
Published in |
Frontiers in oncology, January 2012
|
DOI | 10.3389/fonc.2012.00191 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Punit Kaur, Alexzander Asea |
Abstract |
Chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT) are standard therapeutic modalities for patients with cancers, and could induce various tumor cell death modalities, releasing tumor-derived antigens as well as danger signals that could either be captured for triggering anti-tumor immune response. Historic studies examining tissue and cellular responses to RT have predominantly focused on damage caused to proliferating malignant cells leading to their death. However, there is increasing evidence that RT also leads to significant alterations in the tumor microenvironment, particularly with respect to effects on immune cells and infiltrating tumors. This review will focus on immunologic consequences of RT and discuss the therapeutic reprogramming of immune responses in tumors and how it regulates efficacy and durability to RT. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Spain | 2 | 67% |
Switzerland | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 3 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | <1% |
Portugal | 1 | <1% |
Italy | 1 | <1% |
South Africa | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 149 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 37 | 24% |
Student > Master | 25 | 16% |
Researcher | 23 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 13 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 5% |
Other | 17 | 11% |
Unknown | 31 | 20% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 34 | 22% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 25 | 16% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 20 | 13% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 11 | 7% |
Physics and Astronomy | 5 | 3% |
Other | 21 | 14% |
Unknown | 37 | 24% |