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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Policies to Enhance Prescribing Efficiency in Europe: Findings and Future Implications
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Frontiers in Pharmacology, January 2011
|
| DOI | 10.3389/fphar.2010.00141 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Brian Godman, William Shrank, Morten Andersen, Christian Berg, Iain Bishop, Thomas Burkhardt, Kristina Garuoliene, Harald Herholz, Roberta Joppi, Marija Kalaba, Ott Laius, Julie Lonsdale, Rickard E. Malmström, Jaana E. Martikainen, Vita Samaluk, Catherine Sermet, Ulrich Schwabe, Inês Teixeira, Lesley Tilson, F. Cankat Tulunay, Vera Vlahović-Palčevski, Kamila Wendykowska, Bjorn Wettermark, Corinne Zara, Lars L. Gustafsson |
| Abstract |
Introduction: European countries need to learn from each other to address unsustainable increases in pharmaceutical expenditures. Objective: To assess the influence of the many supply and demand-side initiatives introduced across Europe to enhance prescribing efficiency in ambulatory care. As a result provide future guidance to countries. Methods: Cross national retrospective observational study of utilization (DDDs - defined daily doses) and expenditure (Euros and local currency) of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and statins among 19 European countries and regions principally from 2001 to 2007. Demand-side measures categorized under the "4Es" - education engineering, economics, and enforcement. Results: Instigating supply side initiatives to lower the price of generics combined with demand-side measures to enhance their prescribing is important to maximize prescribing efficiency. Just addressing one component will limit potential efficiency gains. The influence of demand-side reforms appears additive, with multiple initiatives typically having a greater influence on increasing prescribing efficiency than single measures apart from potentially "enforcement." There are also appreciable differences in expenditure (€/1000 inhabitants/year) between countries. Countries that have not introduced multiple demand side measures to counteract commercial pressures to enhance the prescribing of generics have seen considerably higher expenditures than those that have instigated a range of measures. Conclusions: There are considerable opportunities for European countries to enhance their prescribing efficiency, with countries already learning from each other. The 4E methodology allows European countries to concisely capture the range of current demand-side measures and plan for the future knowing that initiatives can be additive to further enhance their prescribing efficiency. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Greece | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 74 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | 1% |
| United States | 1 | 1% |
| Brazil | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 71 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 19 | 26% |
| Researcher | 11 | 15% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 12% |
| Professor | 6 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 4% |
| Other | 11 | 15% |
| Unknown | 15 | 20% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 18 | 24% |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | 9 | 12% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 7 | 9% |
| Business, Management and Accounting | 4 | 5% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 3 | 4% |
| Other | 13 | 18% |
| Unknown | 20 | 27% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 28 February 2012.
All research outputs
#18,304,874
of 22,663,150 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Pharmacology
#8,070
of 15,822 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#159,925
of 180,280 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Pharmacology
#33
of 44 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,663,150 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 11th percentile – i.e., 11% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 15,822 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.9. This one is in the 37th percentile – i.e., 37% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 44 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 18th percentile – i.e., 18% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.