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Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Analysis of biomarker utility using a PBPK/PD model for carbaryl
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Frontiers in Pharmacology, November 2014
|
| DOI | 10.3389/fphar.2014.00246 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Martin B. Phillips, Miyoung Yoon, Bruce Young, Yu-Mei Tan |
| Abstract |
There are many types of biomarkers; the two common ones are biomarkers of exposure and biomarkers of effect. The utility of a biomarker for estimating exposures or predicting risks depends on the strength of the correlation between biomarker concentrations and exposure/effects. In the current study, a combined exposure and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model of carbaryl was used to demonstrate the use of computational modeling for providing insight into the selection of biomarkers for different purposes. The Cumulative and Aggregate Risk Evaluation System (CARES) was used to generate exposure profiles, including magnitude and timing, for use as inputs to the PBPK/PD model. The PBPK/PD model was then used to predict blood concentrations of carbaryl and urine concentrations of its principal metabolite, 1-naphthol (1-N), as biomarkers of exposure. The PBPK/PD model also predicted acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in red blood cells (RBC) as a biomarker of effect. The correlations of these simulated biomarker concentrations with intake doses or brain AChE inhibition (as a surrogate of effects) were analyzed using a linear regression model. Results showed that 1-N in urine is a better biomarker of exposure than carbaryl in blood, and that 1-N in urine is correlated with the dose averaged over the last 2 days of the simulation. They also showed that RBC AChE inhibition is an appropriate biomarker of effect. This computational approach can be applied to a wide variety of chemicals to facilitate quantitative analysis of biomarker utility. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Switzerland | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 21 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 5% |
| Australia | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 19 | 90% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 33% |
| Researcher | 5 | 24% |
| Student > Master | 2 | 10% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 1 | 5% |
| Lecturer > Senior Lecturer | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 4 | 19% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 6 | 29% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 10% |
| Neuroscience | 2 | 10% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 10% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 7 | 33% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 18 November 2014.
All research outputs
#20,242,779
of 22,770,070 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Pharmacology
#9,993
of 16,010 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#303,341
of 362,492 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Pharmacology
#41
of 56 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 16,010 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.9. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 56 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.