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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Adrenergic regulation of innate immunity: a review
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Frontiers in Pharmacology, August 2015
|
| DOI | 10.3389/fphar.2015.00171 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Angela Scanzano, Marco Cosentino |
| Abstract |
The sympathetic nervous system has a major role in the brain-immune cross-talk, but few information exist on the sympathoadrenergic regulation of innate immune system. The aim of this review is to summarize available knowledge regarding the sympathetic modulation of the innate immune response, providing a rational background for the possible repurposing of adrenergic drugs as immunomodulating agents. The cells of immune system express adrenoceptors (AR), which represent the target for noradrenaline and adrenaline. In human neutrophils, adrenaline and noradrenaline inhibit migration, CD11b/CD18 expression, and oxidative metabolism, possibly through β-AR, although the role of α1- and α2-AR requires further investigation. Natural Killer express β-AR, which are usually inhibitory. Monocytes express β-AR and their activation is usually antiinflammatory. On murine Dentritic cells (DC), β-AR mediate sympathetic influence on DC-T cells interactions. In human DC β2-AR may affect Th1/2 differentiation of CD4+ T cells. In microglia and in astrocytes, β2-AR dysregulation may contribute to neuroinflammation in autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease. In conclusion, extensive evidence supports a critical role for adrenergic mechanisms in the regulation of innate immunity, in peripheral tissues as well as in the CNS. Sympathoadrenergic pathways in the innate immune system may represent novel antiinflammatory and immunomodulating targets with significant therapeutic potential. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 14 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | 7% |
| Sweden | 1 | 7% |
| United States | 1 | 7% |
| Switzerland | 1 | 7% |
| Unknown | 10 | 71% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 12 | 86% |
| Scientists | 2 | 14% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 314 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | 1 | <1% |
| Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
| Sweden | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 311 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 50 | 16% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 49 | 16% |
| Student > Bachelor | 37 | 12% |
| Student > Master | 30 | 10% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 23 | 7% |
| Other | 46 | 15% |
| Unknown | 79 | 25% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 63 | 20% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 44 | 14% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 32 | 10% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 31 | 10% |
| Neuroscience | 22 | 7% |
| Other | 35 | 11% |
| Unknown | 87 | 28% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 11. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 02 February 2023.
All research outputs
#3,234,011
of 25,483,400 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Pharmacology
#1,426
of 19,844 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#39,608
of 276,326 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Pharmacology
#12
of 78 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,483,400 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 87th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 19,844 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.3. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 92% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 276,326 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 78 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its contemporaries.