Title |
Preclinical and Clinical Assessment of Cannabinoids as Anti-Cancer Agents
|
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Published in |
Frontiers in Pharmacology, October 2016
|
DOI | 10.3389/fphar.2016.00361 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Daniel A. Ladin, Eman Soliman, LaToya Griffin, Rukiyah Van Dross |
Abstract |
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States with 1.7 million new cases estimated to be diagnosed in 2016. This disease remains a formidable clinical challenge and represents a substantial financial burden to the US health care system. Therefore, research and development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of cancer is of high priority. Cannabinoids and their derivatives have been utilized for their medicinal and therapeutic properties throughout history. Cannabinoid activity is regulated by the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which is comprised of cannabinoid receptors, transporters, and enzymes involved in cannabinoid synthesis and breakdown. More recently, cannabinoids have gained special attention for their role in cancer cell proliferation and death. However, many studies investigated these effects using in vitro models which may not adequately mimic tumor growth and metastasis. As such, this article aims to review study results which evaluated effects of cannabinoids from plant, synthetic and endogenous origins on cancer development in preclinical animal models and to examine the current standing of cannabinoids that are being tested in human cancer patients. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 7 | 17% |
Netherlands | 3 | 7% |
Canada | 2 | 5% |
United Kingdom | 2 | 5% |
Sweden | 1 | 2% |
Czechia | 1 | 2% |
Switzerland | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 25 | 60% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 35 | 83% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 6 | 14% |
Scientists | 1 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Puerto Rico | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 175 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 29 | 16% |
Researcher | 28 | 16% |
Student > Master | 24 | 14% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 21 | 12% |
Other | 7 | 4% |
Other | 22 | 13% |
Unknown | 45 | 26% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 30 | 17% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 24 | 14% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 17 | 10% |
Neuroscience | 9 | 5% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 5% |
Other | 36 | 20% |
Unknown | 52 | 30% |