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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Hair penalties: the negative influence of Afrocentric hair on ratings of Black women’s dominance and professionalism
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Frontiers in Psychology, August 2015
|
| DOI | 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01311 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Tina R. Opie, Katherine W. Phillips |
| Abstract |
Purpose: Women are penalized if they do not behave in a stereotype-congruent manner (Heilman, 1983, 2001; Eagly and Carli, 2007). For example, because women are not expected to be agentic they incur an "agency penalty" for expressing anger, dominance or assertiveness (Rudman, 1998; Rudman and Glick, 1999, 2001; Eagly and Karau, 2002; Rudman and Fairchild, 2004; Brescoll and Uhlmann, 2008; Livingston et al., 2012). Yet, all women are not equally penalized (Livingston et al., 2012). We make a novel contribution by examining how both White and Black evaluators respond to displays of Black women's dominance, in this case, whether Black women choose to wear Afrocentric or Eurocentric hairstyles. Design/methodology/approach: We conducted three experimental studies to examine the influence of target hairstyle and participant race on ratings of the target's professionalism (Studies 1, 2, and 3) and dominance (Study 2). Study 1 was an online experimental study with 200 participants (112 females, 87 males, 1 missing gender; 160 Whites, 19 Blacks, 11 Latinos, 7 Asian Americans and 3 who identify as "other"; M age = 35.5, SD = 11.4). Study 2 was an online experimental study with 510 participants (276 women, 234 males; 256 Blacks, 254 Whites; M age = 41.25 years, SD = 12.21). Study 3 was an online experimental study with 291 participants (141 Blacks, 150 Whites, M age = 47.5 years, SD = 11.66). Findings: Black, as compared to White, evaluators gave higher agency penalties to Black employment candidates when they donned Afrocentric versus Eurocentric hair, rating them as more dominant and less professional. Implications: The present research illustrates the significance of considering both target and evaluator race when examining the influence of agency, and specifically dominance, on ratings of professionalism. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 27 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 18 | 67% |
| Canada | 2 | 7% |
| Montenegro | 1 | 4% |
| Switzerland | 1 | 4% |
| Unknown | 5 | 19% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 21 | 78% |
| Scientists | 6 | 22% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 84 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| France | 1 | 1% |
| Canada | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 82 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 21 | 25% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 11 | 13% |
| Student > Bachelor | 7 | 8% |
| Student > Master | 5 | 6% |
| Professor | 4 | 5% |
| Other | 10 | 12% |
| Unknown | 26 | 31% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 21 | 25% |
| Social Sciences | 12 | 14% |
| Business, Management and Accounting | 12 | 14% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 5% |
| Linguistics | 1 | 1% |
| Other | 5 | 6% |
| Unknown | 29 | 35% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 185. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 October 2023.
All research outputs
#214,618
of 25,381,783 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Psychology
#457
of 34,282 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#2,465
of 273,897 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Psychology
#9
of 560 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,381,783 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 34,282 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 13.2. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 273,897 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 560 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its contemporaries.