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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Machine Learning to Differentiate Between Positive and Negative Emotions Using Pupil Diameter
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Frontiers in Psychology, December 2015
|
| DOI | 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01921 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Areej Babiker, Ibrahima Faye, Kristin Prehn, Aamir Malik |
| Abstract |
Pupil diameter (PD) has been suggested as a reliable parameter for identifying an individual's emotional state. In this paper, we introduce a learning machine technique to detect and differentiate between positive and negative emotions. We presented 30 participants with positive and negative sound stimuli and recorded pupillary responses. The results showed a significant increase in pupil dilation during the processing of negative and positive sound stimuli with greater increase for negative stimuli. We also found a more sustained dilation for negative compared to positive stimuli at the end of the trial, which was utilized to differentiate between positive and negative emotions using a machine learning approach which gave an accuracy of 96.5% with sensitivity of 97.93% and specificity of 98%. The obtained results were validated using another dataset designed for a different study and which was recorded while 30 participants processed word pairs with positive and negative emotions. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 15 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | 2 | 13% |
| Canada | 1 | 7% |
| Switzerland | 1 | 7% |
| Spain | 1 | 7% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 7% |
| United States | 1 | 7% |
| Unknown | 8 | 53% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 12 | 80% |
| Scientists | 3 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 107 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | 1 | <1% |
| Turkey | 1 | <1% |
| Sweden | 1 | <1% |
| Japan | 1 | <1% |
| United States | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 102 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 18 | 17% |
| Student > Master | 17 | 16% |
| Researcher | 12 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 11 | 10% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 8 | 7% |
| Other | 18 | 17% |
| Unknown | 23 | 21% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 26 | 24% |
| Engineering | 20 | 19% |
| Computer Science | 11 | 10% |
| Neuroscience | 9 | 8% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 5% |
| Other | 10 | 9% |
| Unknown | 26 | 24% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 10. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 23 February 2016.
All research outputs
#3,195,556
of 23,573,357 outputs
Outputs from Frontiers in Psychology
#5,946
of 31,438 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#55,493
of 394,021 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Frontiers in Psychology
#104
of 418 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,573,357 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 86th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 31,438 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 12.6. This one has done well, scoring higher than 81% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 394,021 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 418 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 75% of its contemporaries.