Title |
Misconceptions of the p-value among Chilean and Italian Academic Psychologists
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Published in |
Frontiers in Psychology, August 2016
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DOI | 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01247 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Laura Badenes-Ribera, Dolores Frias-Navarro, Bryan Iotti, Amparo Bonilla-Campos, Claudio Longobardi |
Abstract |
Common misconceptions of p-values are based on certain beliefs and attributions about the significance of the results. Thus, they affect the professionals' decisions and jeopardize the quality of interventions and the accumulation of valid scientific knowledge. We conducted a survey on 164 academic psychologists (134 Italian, 30 Chilean) questioned on this topic. Our findings are consistent with previous research and suggest that some participants do not know how to correctly interpret p-values. The inverse probability fallacy presents the greatest comprehension problems, followed by the replication fallacy. These results highlight the importance of the statistical re-education of researchers. Recommendations for improving statistical cognition are proposed. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 8 | 14% |
United States | 6 | 11% |
Netherlands | 3 | 5% |
Sweden | 2 | 4% |
New Zealand | 2 | 4% |
Russia | 1 | 2% |
India | 1 | 2% |
Brazil | 1 | 2% |
Canada | 1 | 2% |
Other | 5 | 9% |
Unknown | 26 | 46% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 34 | 61% |
Scientists | 16 | 29% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 5 | 9% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Chile | 1 | 2% |
France | 1 | 2% |
Austria | 1 | 2% |
Macao | 1 | 2% |
United States | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 60 | 92% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 17% |
Researcher | 10 | 15% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 7 | 11% |
Student > Master | 7 | 11% |
Student > Bachelor | 5 | 8% |
Other | 15 | 23% |
Unknown | 10 | 15% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 25 | 38% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 14% |
Social Sciences | 3 | 5% |
Linguistics | 3 | 5% |
Neuroscience | 2 | 3% |
Other | 8 | 12% |
Unknown | 15 | 23% |