Title |
The Association Between Believing in Free Will and Subjective Well-Being Is Confounded by a Sense of Personal Control
|
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Published in |
Frontiers in Psychology, May 2018
|
DOI | 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00623 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Peter L. T. Gooding, Mitchell J. Callan, Gethin Hughes |
Abstract |
The extent to which an individual believes in free will is associated with a number of positive life outcomes, including their own subjective well-being. However, it is not known whether the belief that one has free will per se is uniquely associated with subjective well-being over and above potential confounding variables. We examined a sense of personal control as one such confound-specifically, whether the association between free will belief (FWB) and subjective well-being is based, in part, on the degree to which an individual feels a sense of personal control over their life. In Study, 1 trait-level belief in personal control significantly uniquely predicted satisfaction with life and stress, over and above the contribution of FWB. In Study 2, within-person daily fluctuations in stress and depression were not significantly predicted by daily changes in FWB over and above the contribution of personal control/choice. The findings provide new insight into the relationship between FWB and subjective well-being. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 7 | 28% |
Japan | 2 | 8% |
Germany | 1 | 4% |
San Marino | 1 | 4% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 4% |
Switzerland | 1 | 4% |
Romania | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 11 | 44% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 18 | 72% |
Scientists | 5 | 20% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 38 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 9 | 24% |
Researcher | 5 | 13% |
Student > Master | 5 | 13% |
Other | 4 | 11% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 11% |
Other | 3 | 8% |
Unknown | 8 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 16 | 42% |
Social Sciences | 4 | 11% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 8% |
Business, Management and Accounting | 2 | 5% |
Decision Sciences | 2 | 5% |
Other | 2 | 5% |
Unknown | 9 | 24% |